Oracle sharding database的示例分析

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Sharding架构是数据库层面的一种分片技术，可以使分过区的数据分布在各不相同的独立数据库里。Sharding是Oracle Database 12c Release 2的新特性，它能为适合于 Sharding技术的OLTP应用提供线性扩展和完全错误隔离的能力，q 我们可以将 Sharding简单地理解为Oracle 表分区技术的扩展，下面将详细描述安装操作。

1.Oracle Sharding 安装条件
12.2企业版
non-cdb
使用文件系统而非ASM （12.2 Beta要求，正式发行后，可能会改）
主机hosts文件写上本机和各个shard node的IP解析
机器必须全新，不能残留之前有安装过oracle的信息。

2.设置环境变量，创建相关目录与设置内核参数
shardcat和gds都安装在一个主机上，同一个oracle用户，不同ORACLE_HOME。

[oracle12c@sdb1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
 
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi
 
# User specific environment and startup programs
 
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
 
export PATH
 
# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
 
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/ora12c/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
DB_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1; export DB_HOME
GSM_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/gsm; export GSM_HOME
ORACLE_HOME=$DB_HOME; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=shardcat; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
BASE_PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export BASE_PATH
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch; export PATH
 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
#LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1; export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL

[root@shard1 ~]# groupadd -g 1009 dba
[root@shard1 ~]# groupadd -g 1010 oper
[root@shard1 ~]# groupadd -g 1011 oinstall
[root@shard1 ~]# useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@shard1 ~]# passwd oracle
Changing passWord for user oracle.
New password: 
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password: 
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@shard1 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/orainventory
[root@shard1 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
[root@shard1 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory
[root@shard1 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@shard1 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
[root@shard1 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
[root@shard1 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
[root@shard1 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
[root@shard1 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
[root@shard1 ~]# mkdir /u01/tmp
[root@shard1 ~]# chmod a+wr /u01/tmp
[root@shard1 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm
[root@shard1 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm
[root@shard1 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm
[root@shard1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@shard1 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
export PATH
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin


export PATH
TEMP=/u01/tmp
TMPDIR=/u01/tmp
export TEMP TMPDIR
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=3.8.13
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
DB_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
GSM_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm
export ORACLE_HOME=$DB_HOME
export ORACLE_SID=jytest2
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=jytest
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
umask=022

[oracle@shard1 ~]$ alias gsm_env='. /home/oracle/gsm_env'
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ alias db_env='. /home/oracle/db_env' 
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ vi gsm_env
ORACLE_HOME=$GSM_HOME; export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$BASE_PATH; export PATH

[oracle@shard1 ~]$ vi db_env
ORACLE_HOME=$DB_HOME; export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$BASE_PATH; export PATH

修改内核参数编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件

[root@shard1 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.
# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/.conf file
#
# For more infORMation, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

[root@shard1 ~]# sysctl -p
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

修改oarcle参数的shell限制,在所有节点的/etc/security/limits.conf文件中添加以下参数

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle soft memlock 3145728
oracle hard memlock 3145728

修改shell的默认参数文件，在所有节点的/etc/profile文件中添加以下内容：

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

3.安装Oracle软件

[root@shard1 soft]# unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip

[root@shard1 soft]# chown -R oracle:oinstall database

[root@shard1 Desktop]# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[root@shard1 Desktop]# su - oracle
Last login: Thu Oct 12 12:01:58 CST 2017 on pts/1
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ export DISPLAY=:1
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ cd /soft/database
[oracle@shard1 database]$ ls -lrt
total 24
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 oracle oinstall  500 Feb  7  2013 welcome.html
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall 4096 Jan 26  2017 install
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 oracle oinstall 8771 Jan 26  2017 runInstaller
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall   34 Jan 26  2017 rpm
drwxrwxr-x.  2 oracle oinstall   28 Jan 26  2017 sshsetup
drwxrwxr-x.  2 oracle oinstall   58 Jan 26  2017 response
drwxr-xr-x. 14 oracle oinstall 4096 Jan 26  2017 stage
[oracle@shard1 database]$ ./runInstaller

[root@shard1 soft]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@shard1 soft]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Do you want to setup Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) now ? yes|[no] : 
yes
Installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA).
Log File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/install/root_shard1_2017-10-12_13-06-02-537061115.log
Finished installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA)

其它两个shard主机shard2,shard3安装Oracle软件的操作不再描述同上。

shard2上的oracle环境变量设置如下,其中ORACLE_SID与
ORACLE_UNQNAME设置为sh2，在后面向shard catalog数据库注册shard时会读取到

[oracle@shard2 ~]$ cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin


export PATH
TEMP=/u01/tmp
TMPDIR=/u01/tmp
export TEMP TMPDIR
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=3.8.13
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
DB_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
GSM_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm
export ORACLE_HOME=$DB_HOME
export ORACLE_SID=sh2
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=sh2
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
umask=022

shard3上的oracle环境变量设置如下,其中ORACLE_SID与
ORACLE_UNQNAME设置为sh2，在后面向shard catalog数据库注册shard时会读取到

[oracle@shard3 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin


export PATH
TEMP=/u01/tmp
TMPDIR=/u01/tmp
export TEMP TMPDIR
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=3.8.13
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
DB_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
GSM_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm
export ORACLE_HOME=$DB_HOME
export ORACLE_SID=sh3
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=sh3
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
umask=022

4.安装Shard Director Software

[root@shard1 soft]# unzip linuxx64_12201_gsm.zip

[root@shard1 Desktop]# xhost + 
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[root@shard1 Desktop]# su - oracle
Last login: Thu Oct 12 18:05:56 CST 2017 on pts/0
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ export DISPLAY=:1
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ cd /soft/gsm
[oracle@shard1 gsm]$ ls -lrt
total 24
-rwxrwxr-x.  1 oracle oinstall  500 Feb  7  2013 welcome.html
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 oracle oinstall 8772 Jan 26  2017 runInstaller
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall 4096 Jan 26  2017 install
drwxrwxr-x.  2 oracle oinstall   28 Jan 26  2017 response
drwxr-xr-x. 14 oracle oinstall 4096 Jan 26  2017 stage
[oracle@shard1 gsm]$ ./runInstaller

[root@shard1 soft]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

5.创建shard catalog数据库
运行dbca开始建立数据库实例，这个实例是放分片数据的元数据的。我们把这个实例名叫shardcat。

[root@shard1 Desktop]# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[root@shard1 Desktop]# su - oracle
Last login: Thu Oct 12 18:35:35 CST 2017 on pts/1
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ export DISPLAY=:1
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ dbca

[oracle@shard1 arch]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-OCT-2017 18:58:06

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=shard1)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                12-OCT-2017 18:26:22
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 31 min. 43 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/shard1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=shard1)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "shardcat" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "shardcat", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "shardcatXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "shardcat", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

6.设置Oracle Sharding Management and Routing Tier
登录shardcat主机，登录shardcat数据库：--建立tablespace set需要使用omf，所以需要指定db_create_file_dest参数。

[oracle@shard1 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
shardcat
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Oct 12 19:01:30 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> alter system set db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata' scope=both;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set open_links=16 scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set open_links_per_instance=16 scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes
Fixed Size                  8622776 bytes
Variable Size             620760392 bytes
Database Buffers         1509949440 bytes
Redo Buffers                8151040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter user gsmcatuser account unlock;

User altered.

SQL> alter user gsmcatuser identified by oracle;

User altered.

SQL> create user mygdsadmin identified by oracle;

User created.

SQL> grant connect, create session, gsmadmin_role to mygdsadmin;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant inherit privileges on user SYS to GSMADMIN_INTERNAL;

Grant succeeded.

（update 2016-11-10 注：在12.2. beta 2后可以不做这步）
SQL> alter system set events 'immediate trace name GWM_TRACE level 7'; 

System altered.

（update 2016-11-10  注：在12.2. beta 2后可以不做这步）
SQL> alter system set event='10798 trace name context forever, level 7' scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> execute dbms_xdb.setHttpport(8080);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/prvtrsch.plb 

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


Session altered.


PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


Session altered.


Session altered.


Package created.

No errors.

Grant succeeded.


Session altered.


Session altered.


Package body created.

No errors.

Session altered.


Session altered.


Procedure created.

No errors.

Function created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Procedure created.

No errors.

Audit policy altered.


1 row updated.


Commit complete.


Session altered.


PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> exec DBMS_SCHEDULER.SET_AGENT_REGISTRATION_PASS('oracle'); 

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes
Fixed Size                  8622776 bytes
Variable Size             620760392 bytes
Database Buffers         1509949440 bytes
Redo Buffers                8151040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

在所有的shard节点分别执行Agent注册
登录shard2主机：

[oracle@shard2 ~]$ schagent -start

Scheduler agent started using port 65121
[oracle@shard2 ~]$ schagent status
Agent running with PID 12078

Agent_version:12.2.0.1.2
Running_time:00:00:10
Total_jobs_run:0
Running_jobs:0
Platform:Linux
ORACLE_HOME:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
ORACLE_BASE:/u01/app/oracle
Port:65121
Host:shard2

[oracle@shard2 ~]$ echo oracle|schagent -registerdatabase shard1 8080
Agent Registration Password ?  
Oracle Scheduler Agent Registration for 12.2.0.1.2 Agent
Agent Registration Successful!

[oracle@shard2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
[oracle@shard2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

登录shard3主机：

[oracle@shard3 ~]$ source .bash_profile
[oracle@shard3 ~]$ schagent -start

Scheduler agent started using port 35374
[oracle@shard3 ~]$ schagent -status
Agent running with PID 13019

Agent_version:12.2.0.1.2
Running_time:00:00:07
Total_jobs_run:0
Running_jobs:0
Platform:Linux
ORACLE_HOME:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
ORACLE_BASE:/u01/app/oracle
Port:35374
Host:shard3

[oracle@shard3 ~]$ echo oracle|schagent -registerdatabase shard1 8080
Agent Registration Password ?  
Oracle Scheduler Agent Registration for 12.2.0.1.2 Agent
Agent Registration Successful!
[oracle@shard3 ~]$  mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
[oracle@shard3 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

7.Deploying and Managing a System-Managed SDB
我们开始部署，以最简单的System-Managed SDB为例。
另外，admin guide中介绍的是4台主机做shard node，其中每2台互为dataguard主备。我们这边为了节约空间和资源，不搞dataguard了，只建立primary库。因此只要2台主机做shard node。先设置gsm的环境变量
进入到GDSCTL命令行，创建shard catalog。

[oracle@shard1 ~]$ export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ export PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ gdsctl
GDSCTL: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 12 19:24:36 CST 2017

Copyright (c) 2011, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Welcome to GDSCTL, type "help" for information.

Warning: current GSM name is not set automatically because gsm.ora contains zero or several GSM entries. Use "set  gsm" command to set GSM for the session.
Current GSM is set to GSMORA
GDSCTL>

GDSCTL>create shardcatalog -database shard1:1521:shardcat -chunks 12 -user mygdsadmin/oracle -sdb shardcat -region region1 -agent_port 8080 -agent_password oracle
Catalog is created

创建和启动shard director.
参数含义：
-gsm: 指定shard director名称
-listener: 指定shard director的监听端口，注意不能与数据库的listener端口冲突
-catalog: 指定catalog database 信息，catalog数据库的主机名:监听器port: catalog 数据库db_name


GDSCTL>add gsm -gsm sharddirector1 -listener 1571 -pwd oracle -catalog shard1:1521:shardcat -region region1
GSM successfully added

GDSCTL>start gsm -gsm sharddirector1
GSM is started successfully

添加操作系统认证.
GDSCTL>add credential -credential oracle_cred -osaccount oracle -ospassword oracle
The operation completed successfully

开始布署SharedDatabase。本例将布署System-ManagedSDB。
部署system-managed SDB

1.连接到shard director/GSM服务器(shard1)

[oracle@shard1 ~]$ export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ export PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
[oracle@shard1 ~]$ gdsctl
GDSCTL: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 12 19:35:21 CST 2017

Copyright (c) 2011, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Welcome to GDSCTL, type "help" for information.

Current GSM is set to SHARDDIRECTOR1

设置当前session为sharddirector1 shard director

GDSCTL>set gsm -gsm sharddirector1 
GDSCTL>connect mygdsadmin/oracle
Catalog connection is established

添加shardgroup， shardgroup是一组shard的集合，shardgroup名称为primary_shardgroup，-deploy_as primary表示这个group中的shard都是主库。

GDSCTL>add shardgroup -shardgroup primary_shardgroup -deploy_as primary -region region1
The operation completed successfully

将每个shard地址添加到catalog的valid node checking for registration (VNCR)列表，并且创建shard
GDSCTL>add invitednode shard2
GDSCTL>create shard -shardgroup primary_shardgroup -destination shard2 -credential oracle_cred
The operation completed successfully
DB Unique Name: sh2
GDSCTL>add invitednode shard3
GDSCTL>create shard -shardgroup primary_shardgroup -destination shard3 -credential oracle_cred
The operation completed successfully
DB Unique Name: sh3

检查配置

GDSCTL>config

Regions
------------------------
region1                       

GSMs
------------------------
sharddirector1                

Sharded Database
------------------------
shardcat                      

Databases
------------------------
sh2                           
sh3                           

Shard Groups
------------------------
primary_shardgroup            

Shard spaces
------------------------
shardspaceora                 

Services
------------------------

GDSCTL pending requests
------------------------
Command                       Object                        Status                        
-------                       ------                        ------                        

Global properties
------------------------
Name: oradbcloud
Master GSM: sharddirector1
DDL sequence #: 0


GDSCTL>config shardspace
Shard space                   Chunks                        
-----------                   ------                        
shardspaceora                 12                            

GDSCTL>config shardgroup
Shard Group         Chunks Region              Shard space         
-----------         ------ ------              -----------         
primary_shardgroup  12     region1             shardspaceora       

GDSCTL>config vncr
Name                          Group ID                      
----                          --------                      
shard2                                                      
shard3                                                      
10.138.130.180                                              

GDSCTL>config shard
Name                Shard Group         Status    State       Region    Availability 
----                -----------         ------    -----       ------    ------------ 
sh2                 primary_shardgroup  U         none        region1   -            
sh3                 primary_shardgroup  U         none        region1   -

部署deploy
Shard数据库部署过程采用静默安装方式。

GDSCTL>deploy

此时，就开始部署shard了。在shard node上的agent会自动的调用netca和dbca，创建listener和database，2个shard node的操作是并行进行的。（如果是有datauard，那么是先建立一对主备，再建立另一对主备。）你可以在分别是两个shard node上ps -ef|grep ora_ 看到已经有sh2和sh3的实例了。我们可以执行在shard2与shard3上执行ps -ef | grep dbca与lsnrctl status,ps -ef | grep pmon来检查。

[root@shard2 ~]# ps -ef | grep dbca
oracle   20437 20429 99 19:49 pts/0    00:00:19 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jdk/jre/bin/java -Doracle.installer.not_bootstrap=true -DCV_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db -DORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow -XX:CompileCommand=quiet -XX:CompileCommand=exclude,javax/swing/text/GlyphView,getBreakSpot -DSET_LAF= -Dsun.java2d.font.DisableAlGorithmicStyles=true -Dice.pilots.html4.ignoreNonGenericFonts=true -DDISPLAY= -DJDBC_PROTOCOL=thin -mx512m -classpath /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/assistants/dbca/jlib/dbca.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/assistants/dbca/jlib/dbcaext.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/assistants/jlib/assistantsCommon.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/assistants/jlib/rconfig.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/assistants/jlib/asstcommonext.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/oui/jlib/OraInstaller.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/oui/jlib/OraPrereq.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/inventory/prereqs/oui/OraPrereqChecks.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/oui/jlib/OraPrereqChecks.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/oui/jlib/OraCheckPoint.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/cvu.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/install/jlib/installcommons_1.0.0b.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/oui/jlib/jewt4.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/oui/jlib/ssh.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/ewt3.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/ewtcompat-3_3_15.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/share.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/help4.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/oui/jlib/jewt4.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/oracle_ice.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/kodiak.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/lib/xmlparserv2.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/orai18n.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/ldapjclnt12.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/netcfg.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/ojmisc.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/oraclepki.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/opm.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jdbc/lib/ojdbc8.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/srvm.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/srvmhas.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/srvmasm.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/dv/jlib/dvca.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/gns.jar:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/jlib/commons-compress-1.8.jar oracle.assistants.dbca.driver.DBConfigurator -silent -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/shard_sh2_dbca.rsp -createDatabase -gdbName sh2 -sid sh2 -initparams db_unique_name=sh2,db_name=sh2,db_domain= -templateName /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/shard_sh2_template.dbt -customscripts /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/shard_sh2_postCR.sql -listeners LISTENER_sh2
root     20881 12186  0 19:49 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto dbca


[oracle@shard2 ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-OCT-2017 19:56:01

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER_sh2
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                12-OCT-2017 19:48:45
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 7 min. 18 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/shard2/listener_sh2/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=shard2)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "sh2" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "sh2", status RESTRICTED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "sh2_DGMGRL" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "sh2", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@shard2 ~]$ ps -ef | grep pmon
oracle   22086     1  0 19:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_sh2
oracle   22982  5293  0 19:56 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto pmon

GDSCTL>deploy
deploy: examining configuration...
deploy: deploying primary shard 'sh2' ...
deploy: network listener configuration successful at destination 'shard2'
deploy: starting DBCA at destination 'shard2' to create primary shard 'sh2' ...
deploy: deploying primary shard 'sh3' ...
deploy: network listener configuration successful at destination 'shard3'
deploy: starting DBCA at destination 'shard3' to create primary shard 'sh3' ...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: DBCA primary creation job succeeded at destination 'shard2' for shard 'sh2'
deploy: waiting for 1 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: DBCA primary creation job succeeded at destination 'shard3' for shard 'sh3'
deploy: requesting Data Guard configuration on shards via GSM
deploy: shards configured successfully
The operation completed successfully

我们可以检查一下shard的情况了：

GDSCTL>config shard
Name                Shard Group         Status    State       Region    Availability 
----                -----------         ------    -----       ------    ------------ 
sh2                 primary_shardgroup  Ok        Deployed    region1   ONLINE       
sh3                 primary_shardgroup  Ok        Deployed    region1   ONLINE       

GDSCTL>databases
Database: "sh2" Registered: Y State: Ok ONS: N. Role: PRIMARY Instances: 1 Region: region1
   Registered instances:
     shardcat%1
Database: "sh3" Registered: Y State: Ok ONS: N. Role: PRIMARY Instances: 1 Region: region1
   Registered instances:
     shardcat%11

GDSCTL>config shard -shard sh2
Name: sh2
Shard Group: primary_shardgroup
Status: Ok
State: Deployed
Region: region1
Connection string: shard2:1521/sh2:dedicated
SCAN address: 
ONS remote port: 0
Disk Threshold, ms: 20
CPU Threshold, %: 75
Version: 12.2.0.0
Failed DDL: 
DDL Error: ---
Failed DDL id: 
Availability: ONLINE
Rack: 


Supported services
------------------------
Name                                                            Preferred Status    
----                                                            --------- ------    

GDSCTL>config shard -shard sh3
Name: sh3
Shard Group: primary_shardgroup
Status: Ok
State: Deployed
Region: region1
Connection string: shard3:1521/sh3:dedicated
SCAN address: 
ONS remote port: 0
Disk Threshold, ms: 20
CPU Threshold, %: 75
Version: 12.2.0.0
Failed DDL: 
DDL Error: ---
Failed DDL id: 
Availability: ONLINE
Rack: 


Supported services
------------------------
Name                                                            Preferred Status    
----                                                            --------- ------

创建service

GDSCTL>add service -service oltp_rw_srvc -role primary
The operation completed successfully
GDSCTL>start service -service oltp_rw_srvc
The operation completed successfully
GDSCTL>status service
Service "oltp_rw_srvc.shardcat.oradbcloud" has 2 instance(s). Affinity: ANYWHERE
   Instance "shardcat%1", name: "sh2", db: "sh2", region: "region1", status: ready.
   Instance "shardcat%11", name: "sh3", db: "sh3", region: "region1", status: ready.

(其实这个service，用于adg的主备切换后，这个service漂移到备库上)

创建用户和对象
1. 在catalog数据库中创建业务用户

[oracle@shard2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Oct 13 13:24:45 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> alter session enable shard ddl;

Session altered.

SQL> create user app_schema identified by oracle;

User created.

SQL> grant all privileges to app_schema;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant gsmadmin_role to app_schema;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant select_catalog_role to app_schema;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant connect, resource to app_schema;

Grant succeeded.

SQL>  grant dba to app_schema;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant execute on dbms_crypto to app_schema;

Grant succeeded.

2. 利用应用用户登录,创建表空间集合

SQL>  conn app_schema/oracle
Connected.
SQL>  alter session enable shard ddl;

Session altered.

SQL> create tablespace set tsp_set_1 using template (datafile size 100m autoextend on next 10m maxsize unlimited extent management local segment space management auto);

Tablespace created.

3. 为duplicated tables创建表空间，这个测试中duplicated table是Products table.

SQL> create tablespace products_tsp datafile size 100m autoextend on next 10m maxsize unlimited extent management local uniform size 1m;

Tablespace created.

4. 创建shard表

SQL> create sharded table customers
  2    (
  3      custid      varchar2(60) not null,
  4      firstname   varchar2(60),
  5      lastname    varchar2(60),
  6      class       varchar2(10),
  7      geo         varchar2(8),
  8      custprofile varchar2(4000),
  9      passwd      raw(60),
 10      constraint pk_customers primary key (custid),
 11      constraint JSON_customers check (custprofile is json)
 12    ) tablespace set tsp_set_1
 13  partition by consistent hash (custid) partitions auto;

Table created.

SQL> create sharded table orders
  2  (
  3    orderid     integer not null,
  4    custid      varchar2(60) not null,
  5    orderdate   timestamp not null,
  6    sumtotal    number(19,4),
  7    status      char(4),
  8    constraint  pk_orders primary key (custid, orderid),
  9    constraint  fk_orders_parent foreign key (custid) 
 10    references customers on delete cascade
 11  ) partition by reference (fk_orders_parent);  

Table created.

5.为orders表的orderid列创建序列

SQL> create sequence orders_seq; 

Sequence created.

6. 创建SHARDED TABLE LineItems

SQL> create sharded table lineitems
  2  (
  3    orderid     integer not null,
  4    custid      varchar2(60) not null,
  5    productid   integer not null,
  6    price       number(19,4),
  7    Qty         number,
  8    constraint  pk_items primary key (custid, orderid, productid),
  9    constraint  fk_items_parent foreign key (custid, orderid)
 10    references orders on delete cascade
 11  ) partition by reference (fk_items_parent);

Table created.

7. 创建duplicated tables.

SQL> create duplicated table products
  2  (
  3    productid  integer generated by default as identity primary key,
  4    name       varchar2(128),
  5    descruri   varchar2(128),
  6    lastprice  number(19,4)
  7  ) tablespace products_tsp;  

Table created.

8. 创建function，目的是为了后面的DEMO：

SQL> create or replace function passwcreate(passw in raw)
  2  return raw
  3  is
  4  salt raw(8);
  5  begin
  6  salt := dbms_crypto.randombytes(8);
  7  return utl_raw.concat(salt, dbms_crypto.hash(utl_raw.concat(salt,
  8  passw), dbms_crypto.hash_sh356));
  9  end;
 10  /

Function created.

SQL> create or replace function passwcheck(passw in raw, phash in raw)
  2  return integer is
  3  begin
  4  return utl_raw.compare(
  5  dbms_crypto.hash(utl_raw.concat(utl_raw.substr(phash, 1, 8),
  6  passw), dbms_crypto.hash_sh356),
  7  utl_raw.substr(phash, 9));
  8  end;
  9  /

Function created.

GDSCTL>connect mygdsadmin/oracle
Catalog connection is established

GDSCTL>show ddl
id DDL Text Failed shards
-- -------- -------------
7 grant execute on dbms_crypto to app_s...
8 create tablespace set tsp_set_1 using...
9 create tablespace products_tsp datafi...
10 create sharded table customers ( ...
11 create sharded table orders ( orde...
12 create sequence orders_seq
13 create sharded table lineitems ( o...
14 CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW "APP_SCHEMA"...
15 create or replace function passwcreat...
16 create or replace function passwcheck...

10. 检查每个shard是否有DDL错误

GDSCTL>config shard -shard sh2
Name: sh2
Shard Group: primary_shardgroup
Status: Ok
State: Deployed
Region: region1
Connection string: shard2:1521/sh2:dedicated
SCAN address: 
ONS remote port: 0
Disk Threshold, ms: 20
CPU Threshold, %: 75
Version: 12.2.0.0
Failed DDL: 
DDL Error: ---   没有DDL错误
Failed DDL id: 
Availability: ONLINE
Rack: 


Supported services
------------------------
Name                                                            Preferred Status    
----                                                            --------- ------    
oltp_rw_srvc                                                    Yes       Enabled   

GDSCTL>config shard -shard sh3
Name: sh3
Shard Group: primary_shardgroup
Status: Ok
State: Deployed
Region: region1
Connection string: shard3:1521/sh3:dedicated
SCAN address: 
ONS remote port: 0
Disk Threshold, ms: 20
CPU Threshold, %: 75
Version: 12.2.0.0
Failed DDL: 
DDL Error: ---   没有DDL错误
Failed DDL id: 
Availability: ONLINE
Rack: 


Supported services
------------------------
Name                                                            Preferred Status    
----                                                            --------- ------    
oltp_rw_srvc                                                    Yes       Enabled

验证环境-表空间/chunks
1. 在gsm(shard1)节点，检查chunks信息
前面创建shardcatalog时指定chunks为12，因此后续创建shard table分配12个chunks

GDSCTL>config chunks
Chunks
------------------------
Database                      From      To        
--------                      ----      --        
sh2                           1         6         
sh3                           7         12   


SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME, BYTES/1024/1024 MB from sys.dba_data_files order by  tablespace_name;

TABLESPACE_NAME                                                      MB
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
PRODUCTS_TSP                                                        100
SYSAUX                                                              520
SYSTEM                                                              810
TSP_SET_1                                                           100
UNDOTBS1                                                             70
USERS                                                                 5

6 rows selected.


SQL> select table_name, partition_name, tablespace_name from dba_tab_partitions where tablespace_name like 'C%TSP_SET_1' order by tablespace_name;

no rows selected


SQL> col TABLE_NAME for a20
SQL> col PARTITION_NAME for a20
SQL> col TABLESPACE_NAME for a20
SQL> select table_name, partition_name, tablespace_name from dba_tab_partitions where tablespace_name like '%SET%';

TABLE_NAME           PARTITION_NAME       TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------- -------------------- --------------------
CUSTOMERS            CUSTOMERS_P1         TSP_SET_1
ORDERS               CUSTOMERS_P1         TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS            CUSTOMERS_P1         TSP_SET_1


SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME, BYTES/1024/1024 MB from sys.dba_data_files;

TABLESPACE_NAME              MB
-------------------- ----------
SYSTEM                      810
SYSAUX                      520
UNDOTBS1                     70
USERS                         5
TSP_SET_1                   100
PRODUCTS_TSP                100

6 rows selected.

SQL> select a.name Shard, count( b.chunk_number) Number_of_Chunks from gsmadmin_internal.database a, gsmadmin_internal.chunk_loc b where a.database_num=b.database_num group by a.name;

SHARD                                                        NUMBER_OF_CHUNKS
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------
sh2                                                                         6
sh3                                                                         6

2. 在shard2节点检查表空间和chunks信息
--表空间

[oracle@shard2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Oct 13 16:25:30 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME, BYTES/1024/1024 MB from sys.dba_data_files order by tablespace_name;

TABLESPACE_NAME                                                      MB
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
C001TSP_SET_1                                                       100
C002TSP_SET_1                                                       100
C003TSP_SET_1                                                       100
C004TSP_SET_1                                                       100
C005TSP_SET_1                                                       100
C006TSP_SET_1                                                       100
PRODUCTS_TSP                                                        100
SYSAUX                                                              520
SYSTEM                                                              810
TSP_SET_1                                                           100
UNDOTBS1                                                             70
USERS                                                                 5

12 rows selected.

创建了6个表空间，分别是C001TSP_SET_1 ~ 表空间C006TSP_SET_1，因为设置chunks=12，每个shard有6个chunks。每个表空间有一个datafile，大小是100M，这个是在创建tablespace set时设置的datafile 100M。

--检查chunks

SQL> set linesize 140
SQL> column table_name format a20
SQL> column tablespace_name format a20
SQL> column partition_name format a20
SQL> show parameter db_unique_name
NAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------
db_unique_name                       string                 sh2
SQL> select table_name, partition_name, tablespace_name from dba_tab_partitions where tablespace_name like 'C%TSP_SET_1' order by tablespace_name;

TABLE_NAME           PARTITION_NAME       TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------- -------------------- --------------------
LINEITEMS            CUSTOMERS_P1         C001TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS            CUSTOMERS_P1         C001TSP_SET_1
ORDERS               CUSTOMERS_P1         C001TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS            CUSTOMERS_P2         C002TSP_SET_1
ORDERS               CUSTOMERS_P2         C002TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS            CUSTOMERS_P2         C002TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS            CUSTOMERS_P3         C003TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS            CUSTOMERS_P3         C003TSP_SET_1
ORDERS               CUSTOMERS_P3         C003TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS            CUSTOMERS_P4         C004TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS            CUSTOMERS_P4         C004TSP_SET_1
ORDERS               CUSTOMERS_P4         C004TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS            CUSTOMERS_P5         C005TSP_SET_1
ORDERS               CUSTOMERS_P5         C005TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS            CUSTOMERS_P5         C005TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS            CUSTOMERS_P6         C006TSP_SET_1
ORDERS               CUSTOMERS_P6         C006TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS            CUSTOMERS_P6         C006TSP_SET_1

18 rows selected.

4. 在catalog数据库检查chunks信息

SQL> set echo off
SQL> select a.name Shard, count( b.chunk_number) Number_of_Chunks from gsmadmin_internal.database a, gsmadmin_internal.chunk_loc b where a.database_num=b.database_num group by a.name;

SHARD                                                        NUMBER_OF_CHUNKS
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------
sh2                                                                         6
sh3                                                                         6

5. 验证环境-tables
--catalog数据库

SQL> conn app_schema/oracle
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME
--------------------
CUSTOMERS
ORDERS
LINEITEMS
PRODUCTS
MLOG$_PRODUCTS
RUPD$_PRODUCTS

6 rows selected.

--shard节点shard2和shard3

[oracle@shard2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Oct 13 16:36:12 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> conn app_schema/oracle
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CUSTOMERS
ORDERS
LINEITEMS
PRODUCTS


[oracle@shard3 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Oct 13 16:36:06 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> conn app_schema/oracle
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CUSTOMERS
ORDERS
LINEITEMS
PRODUCTS

--插入数据

SQL>  INSERT INTO Customers (CustId, FirstName, LastName, CustProfile,
  2      Class, Geo, Passwd) VALUES ('james.parker@x.bogus', 'James', 'Parker',
  3      NULL, 'Gold', 'east', hextoraw('8d1c00e'));

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.


SQL> set termout on
SQL> set linesize 120
SQL> set echo on
SQL> column firstname format a20
SQL> column lastname format a20
SQL> explain plan for SELECT FirstName,LastName, geo, class FROM Customers;

Explained.

SQL> select plan_table_output from table(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY());

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2953441084

--------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation        | Name | Cost (%CPU)| Inst   |IN-OUT|
--------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT |      |     0   (0)|        |      |
|   1 |  SHARD ITERATOR  |      |            |        |      |
|   2 |   REMOTE         |      |            | ORA_S~ | R->S |
--------------------------------------------------------------

Remote SQL Information (identified by operation id):

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------

   2 - EXPLAIN PLAN INTO PLAN_TABLE@! FOR SELECT
       "A1"."FIRSTNAME","A1"."LASTNAME","A1"."GEO","A1"."CLASS" FROM
       "CUSTOMERS" "A1"   (accessing
       'ORA_SHARD_POOL@ORA_MULTI_TARGET' )


18 rows selected.

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