本篇内容主要讲解“怎么用Mysql+Keepalived+haproxy实现负载均衡”,感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷,实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“怎么用mysql+Keepal
本篇内容主要讲解“怎么用Mysql+Keepalived+haproxy实现负载均衡”,感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷,实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“怎么用mysql+Keepalived+haproxy实现负载均衡”吧!
数据库环境:
slave2:192.168.8.59
slave3:192.168.8.61
工具包:
keepalived-1.4.5.tar.gz
haproxy-1.8.9.tar.gz
此次实验中,slave2和slave3利用 keepalived和haproxy实现负载均衡,本文着重讲解负载均衡的搭建过程。
一、修改内核参数
echo "net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1 意思是启动haproxy的时候,允许忽视VIP的存在
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 haproxy代理服务器同时也要打开内核的转发功能
二、安装keepalived和haproxy
mount /dev/cdrom /media
yum install kernel-devel openssl-devel popt-devel -y
cd /software
tar zxvf keepalived-1.4.5.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.4.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived/
make && make install
systemctl enable keepalived
vi /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
KEEPALIVED_OPTioNS="-D -d -S 0"
vi /etc/rsyslog.conf
local0.* /var/log/keepalived.log
systemctl restart rsyslog
cd /software
tar zxvf haproxy-1.8.9.tar.gz
cd haproxy-1.8.9
make TARGET=linux2628 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -v
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin haproxy
touch /var/log/haproxy.log
chmod 755 /var/log/haproxy.log
修改日志位置
vi /etc/rsyslog.conf
local0.* /var/log/haproxy.log
vi /etc/sysconfig/rsyslog
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-r -m 0 -c 2"
systemctl restart rsyslog
三、配置keepalived
192.168.8.59
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id mysql-slave
notification_email {
zdd5503@163.com
}
notification_email_from zdd5503@163.com
smtp_server stmp.163.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh"
interval 2
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance v_mysql_slave_zdd01 {
interface enp0s3
state MASTER
virtual_router_id 98
priority 200
nopreempt
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.8.98/24
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_stop.sh
}
192.168.8.61
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id mysql-slave
notification_email {
zdd5503@163.com
}
notification_email_from zdd5503@163.com
smtp_server stmp.163.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh"
interval 2
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance v_mysql_slave_zdd01 {
interface enp0s3
state BACKUP
virtual_router_id 98
priority 150
nopreempt
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.8.98/24
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_stop.sh
}
四、配置haproxy
192.168.8.59和192.168.8.61都做如下脚本配置:
mkdir -p /etc/keepalived/scripts
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
STARTHAPROXY="/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg"
#STOPKEEPALIVED="systemctl stop keepalived"
LOGFILE="/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log"
echo "[check_haproxy status]" >> $LOGFILE
A=`ps -C haproxy --no-header |wc -l`
echo "[check_haproxy status]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
echo $STARTHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE
$STARTHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 5
fi
if [ `ps -C haproxy --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
exit 0
else
exit 1
fi
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_master.sh
#!/bin/bash
STARTHAPROXY=`/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg`
STOPHAPROXY=`ps -ef |grep sbin/haproxy| grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -s 9`
LOGFILE="/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log"
echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "stop haproxy...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$STOPHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "start haproxy...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$STARTHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "haproxy stared ..." >> $LOGFILE
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
STARTHAPROXY=`/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg`
STOPHAPROXY=`ps -ef |grep sbin/haproxy| grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'|xargs
kill -s 9`
LOGFILE="/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log"
echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "stop haproxy...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$STOPHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "start haproxy...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$STARTHAPROXY >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "haproxy stared ..." >> $LOGFILE
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_fault.sh
#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log
echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/haproxy_stop.sh
#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/etc/keepalived/scripts/keepalived-haproxy-state.log
echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
更改脚本属性
chmod 755 /etc/keepalived/scripts/*
配置haproxy
192.168.8.59
vi /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global #全局配置参数
log 127.0.0.1 local0 notice #日志
#user haproxy
#group haproxy
daemon #以后台形式运行haproxy
#quiet
nbproc 1 # 进程数量,可以设置多个进程提高性能
pidfile /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.pid #haproxy的pid存放路径
defaults #一些默认参数
log global #全局日志
retries 3 # 3次连接失败就认为服务器不可用
option dontlognull # 保存haproxy不记录上次负载均衡发送过来的用于检测状态没有数据的心跳包
option Redispatch # 对应的服务器挂掉后,强制指向到其它正常的服务器
maxconn 2000 #默认最大连接数
timeout queue 1m # 等待最大时长
timeout Http-request 10s #客户端建立连接又不请求数据的时候超过10S,就关闭客户端连接
timeout connect 10s # 定义haproxy将客户端请求转发至后端服务器所等待的超时时长
timeout server 1m # 服务端非活动状态的超时时长
timeout client 1m # 客户端非活动状态的超时时长
timeout http-keep-alive 10s # 设置http-keep-alive超时时长
timeout check 10s #健康状态监测时的超时时间
balance roundrobin #负载均衡方式,轮询方式(保持会话session:源地址/cookies,针对WEB应用服务器)
#定义负载均衡的配置
listen mysql_slave_wgpt_lb1
bind 192.168.8.98:3307 #绑定的IP与端口 (建议bind *:3306)
mode tcp #模式是TCP,(7层http,4层tcp,如果是mysql用tcp,如果是weblogic/was/Tomcat之类的就用http)
option mysql-check user haproxy_check #通过mysql连接去检测mysql是否可以访问
stats hide-version #隐藏统计页上的haproxy的版本信息
balance roundrobin #负载均衡方式,轮询方式
server slave2 192.168.8.59:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
server slave3 192.168.8.61:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
#服务器定义,check inter 2000检测心跳频率,rise 2 2次正确认为服务器可用,fall 5 5次失败认为服务器不可用,
#maxconn 300 最大连接数300
#自带的监控服务器的配置
listen haproxy_stats
mode http
bind *:8888
option httplog
stats refresh 5s
stats uri /haproxy-stat
stats realm www.zdd.com monitor
stats realm Haproxy Manager
stats auth haproxy:haproxy
192.168.8.61
vi /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global #全局配置参数
log 127.0.0.1 local0 notice #日志
#user haproxy
#group haproxy
daemon #以后台形式运行haproxy
#quiet
nbproc 1 # 进程数量,可以设置多个进程提高性能
pidfile /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.pid #haproxy的pid存放路径
defaults #一些默认参数
log global #全局日志
retries 3 # 3次连接失败就认为服务器不可用
option dontlognull # 保存haproxy不记录上次负载均衡发送过来的用于检测状态没有数据的心跳包
option redispatch # 对应的服务器挂掉后,强制指向到其它正常的服务器
maxconn 2000 #默认最大连接数
timeout queue 1m # 等待最大时长
timeout http-request 10s #客户端建立连接又不请求数据的时候超过10S,就关闭客户端连接
timeout connect 10s # 定义haproxy将客户端请求转发至后端服务器所等待的超时时长
timeout server 1m # 服务端非活动状态的超时时长
timeout client 1m # 客户端非活动状态的超时时长
timeout http-keep-alive 10s # 设置http-keep-alive超时时长
timeout check 10s #健康状态监测时的超时时间
balance roundrobin #负载均衡方式,轮询方式(保持会话session:源地址/cookies,针对web应用服务器)
#定义负载均衡的配置
listen mysql_slave_wgpt_lb1
bind 192.168.8.98:3307 #绑定的IP与端口 (建议bind *:3306)
mode tcp #模式是TCP,(7层http,4层tcp,如果是mysql用tcp,如果是weblogic/was/tomcat之类的就用http)
option mysql-check user haproxy_check #通过mysql连接去检测mysql是否可以访问
stats hide-version #隐藏统计页上的haproxy的版本信息
balance roundrobin #负载均衡方式,轮询方式
server slave2 192.168.8.59:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
server slave3 192.168.8.61:3306 weight 1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5 maxconn 300
#服务器定义,check inter 2000检测心跳频率,rise 2 2次正确认为服务器可用,fall 5 5次失败认为服务器不可用,
#maxconn 300 最大连接数300
#自带的监控服务器的配置
listen haproxy_stats
mode http
bind *:8888
option httplog
stats refresh 5s
stats uri /haproxy-stat
stats realm www.zdd.com monitor
stats realm Haproxy Manager
stats auth haproxy:haproxy
五、添加 haproxy_check 用户
drop user haproxy_check@'%';
create user haproxy_check@'192.168.8.59';
create user haproxy_check@'192.168.8.61';
create user haproxy_check@'192.168.8.98';
grant usage on *.* to haproxy_check@'192.168.8.59';
grant usage on *.* to haproxy_check@'192.168.8.61';
grant usage on *.* to haproxy_check@'192.168.8.98';
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------------+--------------+
| user | host |
+---------------+--------------+
| repl | 192.168.8.% |
| root | 192.168.8.% |
| haproxy_check | 192.168.8.59 |
| haproxy_check | 192.168.8.61 |
| haproxy_check | 192.168.8.98 |
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+---------------+--------------+
六、启动 keepalived
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable keepalived
systemctl start keepalived
ip a |grep 98
ps -ef |grep keepalived
七、配置keepalived监控脚本
两个节点都做如下配置:
vi /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh
#!/bin/bash
while :
do
keepalivedcheck=`ps -C keepalived --no-header | wc -l`
if [ $keepalivedcheck -eq 0 ];then
systemctl start keepalived
else
echo "keepalived is running"
fi
sleep 5
done
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh
nohup /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh &
echo "nohup /etc/keepalived/keepcheck.sh &" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
八、配置haproxy 启动脚本
vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy
#! /bin/sh
set -e
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/haproxy/sbin
PROGDIR=/usr/local/haproxy
PROGNAME=haproxy
DAEMON=$PROGDIR/sbin/$PROGNAME
CONFIG=$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME.cfg
PIDFILE=$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME.pid
DESC="HAProxy daemon"
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$PROGNAME
# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
start()
{
echo -n "Starting $DESC: $PROGNAME"
$DAEMON -f $CONFIG
echo "."
}
stop()
{
echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $PROGNAME"
haproxy_pid=`cat $PIDFILE`
kill -9 $haproxy_pid
echo "."
}
restart()
{
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $PROGNAME"
$DAEMON -f $CONFIG -p $PIDFILE -sf $(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "."
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart}" >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy
echo "nohup /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy start &" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
systemctl stop keepalived
systemctl start keepalived
tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log
/etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy start
/etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy stop
tail -f /var/log/haproxy.log
haproxy控制台访问地址:
http://192.168.8.98:8888/haproxy-stat
九、测试负载均衡
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a passWord on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 59 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 61 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 59 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 61 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 59 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@slave3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -h292.168.8.98 -P3307 -e "show variables like 'server_id';"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 61 |
+---------------+-------+
因为我们在haproxy配置文件中配置了权重为1:1,所以会话将交替分发到两个节点上边。
到此,相信大家对“怎么用MySQL+Keepalived+haproxy实现负载均衡”有了更深的了解,不妨来实际操作一番吧!这里是编程网网站,更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询,关注我们,继续学习!
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本文标题: 怎么用MySQL+Keepalived+haproxy实现负载均衡
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