oracle之 如何 dump logfile

这篇文章解释了如何在联机或归档重做日志文件中获取转储。

约束和限制:
1。数据库必须安装(或打开)。
更改系统转储日志文件与任何实例无关，因此不需要为其操作安装数据库。
但是，在ALTER SYSTEM DUMP REDO的情况下，系统需要知道实例是什么，以及其他日志文件在哪里。
此查找需要控制文件，因此必须安装或打开数据库。

2。DUMP REDO限制在控制文件中识别的日志文件集。
因为我们在控制文件中查找日志文件和实例，如果在控制文件中有未引用的重做日志，那么这些重做日志将不会在转储文件中被考虑。
这样做的一个例子是，如果将日志文件删除，手动或实例从RAC集群中删除。

3。所有的日志文件都必须从调用实例中访问，尽管所有的联机重做日志都存储在共享磁盘上，但是每个实例的归档日志不需要。

下面介绍了转储重做日志文件的方法:

1. To dump records based in DBA (Data Block Address)
2. To dump records based on RBA (Redo Block Address) 
3. To dump records based on SCN
4. To dump records based on time
5. To dump records based on layer and opcode
6. Dump the file header infORMation
7. Dump an entire log file:

1. To dump records based on DBA (Data Block Address) 
-------------------------------------------------- 

This will dump all redo records for the range of data 
blocks specified for a given file # and block # range. 

From sqlplus (sqldba or svrmgr for older versions), issue the following command: 

ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'filename' 
DBA MIN fileno blockno 
DBA MAX fileno blockno; 

Example: 
======== 
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'u01/oracle/V7323/dbs/arch2_76.dbf' 
DBA MIN 5 31125 
DBA MAX 5 31150; 

这将导致对指定范围的数据块进行所有更改。
转储到跟踪文件。在给定的示例中，所有重做文件#5的记录，
第31125至31150条被dump

Note
====
For 10g:
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'u01/oracle/V7323/dbs/arch2_76.dbf' 
DBA MIN 5 . 31125 DBA MAX 5 31150;

will raise:
ORA-01963: Must specify a block number

In 10g we need to skip the dot '.' while doing the redo dumps
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'u01/oracle/V7323/dbs/arch2_76.dbf'
DBA MIN 5 31125 DBA MAX 5 31150;

2. To dump records based on RBA (Redo Block Address) 
------------------------------------------------- 

This will dump all redo records for the range of redo 
addresses specified for the given sequence number and block number. 

Syntax: 
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'filename' 
RBA MIN seqno blockno 
RBA MAX seqno blockno; 

Example: 
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'u01/oracle/V7323/dbs/arch2_76.dbf' 
RBA MIN 2050 13255 
RBA MAX 2255 15555;

3. To dump records based on SCN 
---------------------------- 

Using this option will cause redo records owning changes within the SCN range 
specified to be dumped to the trace file. 

ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'filename' 
SCN MIN minscn 
SCN MAX maxscn;

Example: 
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'u01/oracle/V7323/dbs/arch2_76.dbf' 
SCN MIN 103243 
SCN MAX 103294;

If the purpose is to check the dumpfile you can rather do the following,
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'filename' SCN MIN 1 SCN MAX 1;

If the above completes sucessfully it ensures no issues with the arcHivelog.

4. To dump records based on time. 
------------------------------ 

Using this option will cause redo records created within the time range 
specified to be dumped to the trace file. 

From sqlplus (sqldba or svrmgr for older versions), issue the following command: 

ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'filename' 
TIME MIN value 
TIME MAX value; 

Example: 
======== 
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'u01/oracle/V7323/dbs/arch2_76.dbf' 
TIME MIN 299425687 
TIME MAX 299458800; 


Please Note: the time value is given in REDO DUMP TIME 

5. To dump records based on layer and opcode. 
------------------------------------------ 

LAYER and OPCODE are used to dump all log records for a particular type of 
redo record, such as all dropped row pieces. 

From sqlplus (sqldba or svrmgr for older versions), issue the following command: 

ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'filename' 
LAYER value 
OPCODE value; 

Example: 
======== 
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'u01/oracle/V7323/dbs/arch2_76.dbf' 
LAYER 11 
OPCODE 3; 

6. Dump the file header information: 
--------------------------------- 

This will dump file header information for every 
online redo log file. 

From sqlplus (sqldba or svrmgr for older versions), issue the following command: 

alter session set events 'immediate trace name redohdr level 10';

For dumping archivelog header,issue the following command:

ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'filename' RBA MIN 1 1 RBA MAX 1 1; 

7. Dump an entire log file: 
------------------------ 

From sqlplus (sqldba or svrmgr for older versions), issue the following command: 

ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'filename'; 

Please note: 
Fully qualify the filename, and include the single quotes. 

Example: 
======== 
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP LOGFILE 'u01/oracle/V7323/dbs/arch2_76.dbf';

补充：
ALTER SYSTEM DUMP REDO [option] .... [option];

[options] -> scn min [scn] | scn max [scn] |
dba min [file#] [block#] | dba max [file#] [block#] | 
time min [ub4] | time max [ub4] |
layer [Word] | 
opcode [word] |
objno [word] |
xid [undoseg#] [slot#] [wrap#] |
validate

参考：How to Dump Redo Log File Information (文档 ID 1031381.6)