Python中常见的网络爬虫问题及解决方案

import requests

def get_html(url):
    proxy = {
        'Http': 'http://username:passWord@proxy_ip:proxy_port',
        'https': 'https://username:password@proxy_ip:proxy_port'
    }
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWEBKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36'
    }
    try:
        response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxy, headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            return response.text
        else:
            return None
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        return None

url = 'http://example.com'
html = get_html(url)

import requests
import random

def get_html(url):
    user_agents = [
        'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36',
        'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_3) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36',
        'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36'
    ]
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': random.choice(user_agents)
    }
    try:
        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            return response.text
        else:
            return None
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        return None

url = 'http://example.com'
html = get_html(url)

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

def get_html(url):
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36'
    }
    try:
        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            return response.text
        else:
            return None
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        return None

def get_info(html):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
    title = soup.title.text
    return title

url = 'http://example.com'
html = get_html(url)
info = get_info(html)

from selenium import webdriver

def get_html(url):
    driver = webdriver.Chrome('path/to/chromedriver')
    driver.get(url)
    html = driver.page_source
    return html

def get_info(html):
    # 解析获取所需信息
    pass

url = 'http://example.com'
html = get_html(url)
info = get_info(html)