Python 官方文档:入门教程 => 点击学习
1.添加索引 示例代码1: from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='Http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = {
示例代码1:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='Http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { "mappings": { "properties": { "grade": { "type": "long" }, "id": { "type": "long" }, "name": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyWord": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "sex": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "subject": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } } } }}# 创建索引res = es.index(index="test_index", id=1, document=doc)print(res)print(res['result'])# 创建索引res2 = es.index(index='test_index2', document=doc)print(res2)
运行结果:
示例代码2:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { "mappings": { "properties": { "grade": { "type": "long" }, "id": { "type": "long" }, "name": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "sex": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "subject": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } } } }}# 创建索引res = es.index(index="test_index", id=1, document=doc)print(res)print(res['result'])print("*" * 100)# 创建索引res2 = es.index(index='test_index2', document=doc)print(res2)print(res2['result'])print("*" * 100)# 创建索引 res3运行两次会报错res3 = es.indices.create(index="test_index3", body=doc)print(res3)# print(res3['result']) # 注意:此行运行会报错print("*" * 100)# 创建索引 res4多次执行会报错res4 = es.create(index='test_index4', id=1, document=doc)print(res4)print(res4['result'])
运行结果:
示例代码3:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearchfrom datetime import datetimees = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { 'author': 'dgw', 'text': 'Elasticsearch: cool. bonsai cool.', 'timestamp': datetime.now(),}res = es.index(index="test_index", id=1, document=doc)print(res)print(res['result'])
运行结果:
注意:对比上面几种建立索引的方法,是有一定区别的。根据响应结果可以看出:es. indices.create()方法是标准的创建索引的方法,其它几种方法在创建索引的同时也会生成一条数据,并且生成mapping不是我们自己定义的类型,分别如下图所示:
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearchfrom datetime import datetimees = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { 'author': 'dgw', 'text': 'Elasticsearch: cool. bonsai cool.', 'timestamp': datetime.now(),}# 创建索引res = es.index(index="test_index", id=1, document=doc)print(res)print(res['result'])# 查询数据res2 = es.get(index="test_index", id=1)print(res2)print(res2['_source'])es.indices.refresh(index="test_index")query = { "match_all": {}}res3 = es.search(index='test_index', query=query)print(res3)print("Got %d Hits:" % res3['hits']['total']['value'])for hit in res3['hits']['hits']: print("%(timestamp)s %(author)s: %(text)s" % hit["_source"])
运行结果:
示例代码1:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)# 判断索引是否存在,存在则删除索引if es.indices.exists(index="test_index"): print('test_index索引存在,即将删除') es.indices.delete(index="test_index")else: print('test_index索引不存在!')
运行结果:
示例代码2:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearchimport timees = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { 'mappings': { 'properties': { 'name': { 'type': 'text' }, 'id': { 'type': 'integer' }, } }}# 判断索引是否存在,存在则删除索引if es.indices.exists(index="test_index"): print('test_index索引存在,即将删除') es.indices.delete(index="test_index")else: print('索引不存在!可以创建')# 创建索引res = es.indices.create(index="test_index", body=doc)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 添加数据es.index(index="test_index", id='1', document={"name": "北京张三", "id": 1})es.index(index="test_index", id='2', document={"name": "河北李四", "id": 2})# 使用create时,当id已经存在时会报错es.create(index="test_index", id="3", document={"name": "北京王五", "id": 3})es.create(index="test_index", id='4', document={"name": "上海赵六", "id": 4})time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 使用search查询数据query = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)# 删除指定id数据res = es.delete(index="test_index", id=3)print(res)time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果可能受影响,上面删除数据需要时间# 使用search查询数据query2 = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res2 = es.search(index="test_index", body=query2)print(res2)
运行结果:
为防止在创建索引的时候出现重复,产生错误,在创建之前最好判断一下索引是否存在。
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://47.93.5.86:9200')# print(es)doc = { "mappings": { "properties": { "grade": { "type": "long" }, "id": { "type": "long" }, "name": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "sex": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "subject": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } } } }}# 创建索引res = es.index(index="test_index", id=1, document=doc)print(res)print(res['result'])# 判断索引是否存在es_exist = es.exists(index="test_index", id=2)print(es_exist)# 判断索引是否存在es_exist = es.indices.exists(index='test_index')print(es_exist)
运行结果:
示例代码1:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { 'mappings': { 'properties': { 'name': { 'type': 'text' }, 'id': { 'type': 'integer' }, } }}# 判断索引是否存在,存在则删除索引if es.indices.exists(index="test_index"): print('test_index索引存在,即将删除') es.indices.delete(index="test_index")else: print('索引不存在!可以创建')# 创建索引res = es.indices.create(index="test_index", body=doc)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 添加数据es.index(index="test_index", id='1', document={"name": "北京张三", "id": 1})es.index(index="test_index", id='2', document={"name": "河北李四", "id": 2})# 查询数据res = es.get(index="test_index", id=1)print(res)
运行结果:
示例代码2:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearchimport timees = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { 'mappings': { 'properties': { 'name': { 'type': 'text' }, 'id': { 'type': 'integer' }, } }}# 判断索引是否存在,存在则删除索引if es.indices.exists(index="test_index"): print('test_index索引存在,即将删除') es.indices.delete(index="test_index")else: print('索引不存在!可以创建')# 创建索引res = es.indices.create(index="test_index", body=doc)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 添加数据# index可以自动生成ides.index(index="test_index", id='1', document={"name": "北京张三", "id": 1})es.index(index="test_index", id='2', document={"name": "河北李四", "id": 2})# 使用create时,当id已经存在时会报错,id唯一标识,当id不存在时也报错es.create(index="test_index", id="3", document={"name": "北京王五", "id": 3})es.create(index="test_index", id='4', document={"name": "上海赵六", "id": 4})time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 使用search查询数据query = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)
运行结果:
全局更新:在 Elasticsearch 中,通过指定文档的 _id, 使用 Elasticsearch 自带的 index api 可以实现插入一条 document , 如果该 _id 已存在,将直接更新该 document。通过这种方法修改,因为是 reindex 过程,所以当数据量或者 document 很大的时候,效率非常的低
示例代码1:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearchimport timees = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { 'mappings': { 'properties': { 'name': { 'type': 'text' }, 'id': { 'type': 'integer' }, } }}# 判断索引是否存在,存在则删除索引if es.indices.exists(index="test_index"): print('test_index索引存在,即将删除') es.indices.delete(index="test_index")else: print('索引不存在!可以创建')# 创建索引res = es.indices.create(index="test_index", body=doc)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 添加数据es.index(index="test_index", id='1', document={"name": "北京张三", "id": 1})es.index(index="test_index", id='2', document={"name": "河北李四", "id": 2})es.index(index="test_index", id='3', document={"name": "北京王五", "id": 3})es.index(index="test_index", id='4', document={"name": "上海赵六", "id": 4})time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 使用search查询数据query = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 更新数据 如果当前id存在则为更新,若不存在则为新增# 注意:当id存在时的更新为整体替换,而不是局部替换es.index(index="test_index", id='4', document={"name": "山西王五"})es.index(index="test_index", id='5', document={"name": "山东周八", "id": 888})es.index(index="test_index", id='6', document={"name": "上海孙七", "id": 6})time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 查询数据query2 = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res2 = es.search(index="test_index", body=query2)print(res2)
运行结果:
局部更新:Elasticsearch 中的 update API 支持根据用户提供的脚本去实现更新。Update 更新操作允许 ES 获得某个指定的文档,可以通过脚本等操作对该文档进行更新。可以把它看成是先删除再索引的原子操作,只是省略了返回的过程,这样即节省了来回传输的网络流量,也避免了中间时间造成的文档修改冲突。
示例代码2:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearchimport timees = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { 'mappings': { 'properties': { 'name': { 'type': 'text' }, 'id': { 'type': 'integer' }, } }}# 判断索引是否存在,存在则删除索引if es.indices.exists(index="test_index"): print('test_index索引存在,即将删除') es.indices.delete(index="test_index")else: print('索引不存在!可以创建')# 创建索引res = es.indices.create(index="test_index", body=doc)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 添加数据es.index(index="test_index", id='1', document={"name": "北京张三", "id": 1})es.index(index="test_index", id='2', document={"name": "河北李四", "id": 2})es.index(index="test_index", id='3', document={"name": "北京王五", "id": 3})es.index(index="test_index", id='4', document={"name": "上海赵六", "id": 4})time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 使用search查询数据query = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 更新数据 局部更新数据 如果当前id存在则为局部更新,若不存在则报错es.update(index="test_index", id='2', doc={"id": 222})es.update(index="test_index", id='4', doc={"name": "山西王五"})es.update(index="test_index", id='3', body={"doc": {"id": "333"}}) # 注意这儿和上面写法的不同# 当update更新的文档id不存在时会报错# es.update(index="test_index", id='5', doc={"name": "山东周八", "id": 6})time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 查询数据query2 = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res2 = es.search(index="test_index", body=query2)print(res2)
运行结果:
批量更新:ES 有提供批量操作的接口 bulk
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearchfrom elasticsearch import helpersimport timees = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { 'mappings': { 'properties': { 'name': { 'type': 'text' }, 'id': { 'type': 'integer' }, } }}# 判断索引是否存在,存在则删除索引if es.indices.exists(index="test_index"): print('test_index索引存在,即将删除') es.indices.delete(index="test_index")else: print('索引不存在!可以创建')# 创建索引res = es.indices.create(index="test_index", body=doc)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 添加数据es.index(index="test_index", id='1', document={"name": "北京张三", "id": 1})es.index(index="test_index", id='2', document={"name": "河北李四", "id": 2})es.index(index="test_index", id='3', document={"name": "北京王五", "id": 3})es.index(index="test_index", id='4', document={"name": "上海赵六", "id": 4})time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 使用search查询数据query = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 需要更新的词典dic_lst = [{"_index": "test_index", "_id": 2, "_type": "_doc", "_op_type": "update", "doc": {"id": 222}}, {"_index": "test_index", "_id": 3, "_type": "_doc", "_op_type": "update", "doc": {"name": "天津王五", "id": 333}}, {"_index": "test_index", "_id": 4, "_type": "_doc", "_op_type": "update", "doc": {"name": "山西王五"}} ]# 批量更新数据,当id存在时是局部更新,当id不存在时报错actions = []for dic in dic_lst: actions.append(dic)if actions: helpers.bulk(es, actions)time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 查询数据query2 = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res2 = es.search(index="test_index", body=query2)print(res2)
运行结果:
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearchimport timees = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { 'mappings': { 'properties': { 'name': { 'type': 'text' }, 'id': { 'type': 'integer' }, } }}# 判断索引是否存在,存在则删除索引if es.indices.exists(index="test_index"): print('test_index索引存在,即将删除') es.indices.delete(index="test_index")else: print('索引不存在!可以创建')# 创建索引res = es.indices.create(index="test_index", body=doc)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 添加数据es.index(index="test_index", id='1', document={"name": "北京张三", "id": 1})es.index(index="test_index", id='2', document={"name": "河北李四", "id": 2})es.index(index="test_index", id='3', document={"name": "北京王五", "id": 3})time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 查询数据# 使用get查询数据,按id来查询res = es.get(index="test_index", id=1)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 使用search查询数据query1 = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 10}res2 = es.search(index="test_index", body=query1)print(res2)print("*" * 100)# 精确查找terMQuery2 = { "query": { "term": { "name": { "value": "北" } } }}res2 = es.search(index="test_index", body=query2)print(res2)print("*" * 100)# 精确查找termsquery3 = { "query": { "terms": { "name": [ "张", "李" ] } }}res3 = es.search(index="test_index", body=query3)print(res3)print("*" * 100)# 模糊查找matchquery4 = { "query": { "match": { "name": "京" } }}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query4)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 查询id和name包含query5 = { "query": { "multi_match": { "query": "张三", "fields": ["name"] } }}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query5)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 搜索出id为1或者2的所有数据query6 = { "query": { "ids": { "type": "_doc", "values": ["1", "2"] } }}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query6)print(res)print("*" * 100)
运行结果:
test_index索引存在,即将删除{'acknowledged': True, 'shards_acknowledged': True, 'index': 'test_index'}****************************************************************************************************{'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '1', '_version': 1, '_seq_no': 0, '_primary_term': 1, 'found': True, '_source': {'name': '北京张三', 'id': 1}}****************************************************************************************************{'took': 0, 'timed_out': False, '_shards': {'total': 1, 'successful': 1, 'skipped': 0, 'failed': 0}, 'hits': {'total': {'value': 3, 'relation': 'eq'}, 'max_score': 1.0, 'hits': [{'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '1', '_score': 1.0, '_source': {'name': '北京张三', 'id': 1}}, {'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '2', '_score': 1.0, '_source': {'name': '河北李四', 'id': 2}}, {'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '3', '_score': 1.0, '_source': {'name': '北京王五', 'id': 3}}]}}****************************************************************************************************{'took': 0, 'timed_out': False, '_shards': {'total': 1, 'successful': 1, 'skipped': 0, 'failed': 0}, 'hits': {'total': {'value': 3, 'relation': 'eq'}, 'max_score': 0.13353139, 'hits': [{'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '1', '_score': 0.13353139, '_source': {'name': '北京张三', 'id': 1}}, {'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '2', '_score': 0.13353139, '_source': {'name': '河北李四', 'id': 2}}, {'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '3', '_score': 0.13353139, '_source': {'name': '北京王五', 'id': 3}}]}}****************************************************************************************************{'took': 0, 'timed_out': False, '_shards': {'total': 1, 'successful': 1, 'skipped': 0, 'failed': 0}, 'hits': {'total': {'value': 2, 'relation': 'eq'}, 'max_score': 1.0, 'hits': [{'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '1', '_score': 1.0, '_source': {'name': '北京张三', 'id': 1}}, {'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '2', '_score': 1.0, '_source': {'name': '河北李四', 'id': 2}}]}}****************************************************************************************************{'took': 0, 'timed_out': False, '_shards': {'total': 1, 'successful': 1, 'skipped': 0, 'failed': 0}, 'hits': {'total': {'value': 2, 'relation': 'eq'}, 'max_score': 0.4700036, 'hits': [{'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '1', '_score': 0.4700036, '_source': {'name': '北京张三', 'id': 1}}, {'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '3', '_score': 0.4700036, '_source': {'name': '北京王五', 'id': 3}}]}}****************************************************************************************************{'took': 0, 'timed_out': False, '_shards': {'total': 1, 'successful': 1, 'skipped': 0, 'failed': 0}, 'hits': {'total': {'value': 1, 'relation': 'eq'}, 'max_score': 1.9616582, 'hits': [{'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '1', '_score': 1.9616582, '_source': {'name': '北京张三', 'id': 1}}]}}****************************************************************************************************{'took': 0, 'timed_out': False, '_shards': {'total': 1, 'successful': 1, 'skipped': 0, 'failed': 0}, 'hits': {'total': {'value': 2, 'relation': 'eq'}, 'max_score': 1.0, 'hits': [{'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '1', '_score': 1.0, '_source': {'name': '北京张三', 'id': 1}}, {'_index': 'test_index', '_type': '_doc', '_id': '2', '_score': 1.0, '_source': {'name': '河北李四', 'id': 2}}]}}****************************************************************************************************
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)query = { "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "term": { "name": {"value": "张" } } }, { "term": { "id": {"value": "1" } } } ] } }}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)
运行结果:
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)query = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "from": 0, "size": 2}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)
运行结果:
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)query = { "query": { "range": { "id": { "gte": 1, "lte": 2 } } }}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)
运行结果:
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)# 查询前缀为“张”的数据。注意:这个要看分词后的前缀query = { "query": { "prefix": { "name": { "value": "张" } } }}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)
运行结果:
wildcard查询:会对查询条件进行分词。还可以使用通配符?(任意单个字符)和*(0个或多个字符)
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)query = { "query": { "wildcard": { "name": { "value": "三" } } }}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)
运行结果:
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearchimport timees = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)doc = { "mappings": { "properties": { "grade": { "type": "long" }, "id": { "type": "long" }, "name": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } }, "sex": { "type": "text", "fields": { "keyword": { "type": "keyword", "ignore_above": 256 } } } } }}# 判断索引是否存在,存在则删除索引if es.indices.exists(index="student_info"): print('test_index索引存在,即将删除') es.indices.delete(index="student_info")else: print('索引不存在!可以创建')# 创建索引res = es.indices.create(index="student_info", body=doc)print(res)print("*" * 100)# 添加数据es.index(index="student_info", id='1', document={"name": "北京张三", "id": 1, "sex": "男", "grade": 99})es.index(index="student_info", id='2', document={"name": "河北李四", "id": 2, "sex": "男", "grade": 98})time.sleep(1) # 如果不加时间停顿的话,下面查询的结果为空,上面添加数据需要时间# 查询数据res = es.get(index="student_info", id=1)print(res)# 正则查询query2 = { "query": { "regexp": { "name.keyword": "(.*?)三(.*?)" } }}res = es.search(index="student_info", body=query2)print(res)
运行结果:
示例代码:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearches = Elasticsearch(hosts='http://127.0.0.1:9200')# print(es)query = { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "sort": [ { "id": { "order": "desc" # asc升序,desc降序 } } ]}res = es.search(index="test_index", body=query)print(res)
运行结果:
来源地址:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44799217/article/details/126811330
--结束END--
本文标题: 使用python在es中基本操作详解(添加索引、查询索引、删除索引、判断索引是否存在、添加数据、更新数据、查询数据)
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