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写在前面: 又到了一年一度的七夕节啦!你还在发愁送女朋友什么礼物,不知道怎样表达你满满的爱意吗?别担心,我来帮你!今天,我将教你使用python绘制一个跳动的爱心,用创意和幽默为这个特殊的夜晚增添浪漫
又到了一年一度的七夕节啦!你还在发愁送女朋友什么礼物,不知道怎样表达你满满的爱意吗?别担心,我来帮你!今天,我将教你使用python绘制一个跳动的爱心,用创意和幽默为这个特殊的夜晚增添浪漫和趣味。话不多说先看示例:
这段代码使用Python的tkinter库实现了一个绘制心形动画的程序。下面是每个步骤的详细说明:
random
:用于生成随机数。sin
、cos
、pi
、log
:数学函数,用于计算心形的坐标和力度。tkinter
:用于创建GUI界面。代码示例:
import randomfrom math import sin, cos, pi, logfrom tkinter import *
canvas_WIDTH
、CANVAS_HEIGHT
:画布的宽度和高度。CANVAS_CENTER_X
、CANVAS_CENTER_Y
:画布中心的坐标。IMAGE_ENLARGE
:心形的放大倍数。HEART_COLOR
:心形的颜色。heart
:心形对象。代码示例:
CANVAS_WIDTH = 640CANVAS_HEIGHT = 640CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11HEART_COLOR = "#e77c8e"# 声明一个爱心对象heart = None
heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=IMAGE_ENLARGE)
:根据参数t
生成心形的坐标。 代码示例:
def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=IMAGE_ENLARGE): x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3) y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t)) x *= shrink_ratio y *= shrink_ratio x += CANVAS_CENTER_X y += CANVAS_CENTER_Y return int(x), int(y)
scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15)
:对坐标(x, y)
进行内部扩散。 shrink(x, y, ratio)
:对坐标(x, y)
进行缩小。 代码示例:
def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15): ratio_x = -beta * log(random.random()) ratio_y = -beta * log(random.random()) dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) return x - dx, y - dydef shrink(x, y, ratio): force = -1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.6) dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) return x - dx, y - dy
Heart
:心形类的构造函数,用于生成心形的点集。 build
方法生成心形的点集。build(self, number)
:生成心形的点集。 calc_position(x, y, ratio)
:计算心形点的新位置。 calc(self, generate_frame)
:计算每一帧的心形点集。 render(self, render_canvas, render_frame)
:将心形点集渲染到画布上。 代码示例:
class Heart: def __init__(self, generate_frame=20): self._points = set() self._edge_diffusion_points = set() self._center_diffusion_points = set() self.all_points = {} self.build(2000) self.random_halo = 1000 self.generate_frame = generate_frame for frame in range(generate_frame): self.calc(frame) def build(self, number): for _ in range(number): t = random.unifORM(0, 2 * pi) x, y = heart_function(t) self._points.add((x, y)) for _x, _y in list(self._points): for _ in range(3): x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, 0.05) self._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y)) point_list = list(self._points) for _ in range(4000): x, y = random.choice(point_list) x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, 0.17) self._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y)) @staticmethod def calc_position(x, y, ratio): force = 1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.520) dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-1, 1) dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-1, 1) return x - dx, y - dy def calc(self, generate_frame): ratio = 10 * curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) halo_radius = int(4 + 6 * (1 + curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi))) halo_number = int(3000 + 4000 * abs(curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) ** 2)) all_points = [] heart_halo_point = set() for _ in range(halo_number): t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi) x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=11.6) x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius) if (x, y) not in heart_halo_point: heart_halo_point.add((x, y)) x += random.randint(-14, 14) y += random.randint(-14, 14) size = random.choice((1, 2, 2)) all_points.append((x, y, size)) for x, y in self._points: x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio) size = random.randint(1, 3) all_points.append((x, y, size)) for x, y in self._edge_diffusion_points: x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio) size = random.randint(1, 2) all_points.append((x, y, size)) for x, y in self._center_diffusion_points: x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio) size = random.randint(1, 2) all_points.append((x, y, size)) self.all_points[generate_frame] = all_points def render(self, render_canvas, render_frame): for x, y, size in self.all_points[render_frame % self.generate_frame]: render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=0, fill=HEART_COLOR)
draw(main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame=0)
:绘制心形动画。 after
方法定时更新画面。代码示例:
def draw(main: Tk, render_canvas: Canvas, render_heart: Heart, render_frame=0): render_canvas.delete('all') render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame) render_canvas.create_text(320, 320, text="宝贝爱你哟", fill='#e77c8e', font=('微软雅黑', 15, 'bold')) main.after(160, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + 1)
代码示例:
if __name__ == '__main__': root = Tk() root.title('宝贝爱你哟') canvas = Canvas(root, bg='black', height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH) canvas.pack() heart = Heart() draw(root, canvas, heart) root.mainloop()
import randomfrom math import sin, cos, pi, logfrom tkinter import *CANVAS_WIDTH = 640 # 画布的宽CANVAS_HEIGHT = 640 # 画布的高CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2 # 画布中心的X轴坐标CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2 # 画布中心的Y轴坐标IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11 # 放大比例HEART_COLOR = "#e77c8e" # 心的颜色#ff7171def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio: float = IMAGE_ENLARGE): """ “爱心函数生成器” :param shrink_ratio: 放大比例 :param t: 参数 :return: 坐标 """ # 基础函数 x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3) y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t)) # 放大 x *= shrink_ratio y *= shrink_ratio # 移到画布中央 x += CANVAS_CENTER_X y += CANVAS_CENTER_Y return int(x), int(y)def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15): """ 随机内部扩散 :param x: 原x :param y: 原y :param beta: 强度 :return: 新坐标 """ ratio_x = - beta * log(random.random()) ratio_y = - beta * log(random.random()) dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) return x - dx, y - dydef shrink(x, y, ratio): """ 抖动 :param x: 原x :param y: 原y :param ratio: 比例 :return: 新坐标 """ force = -1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.6) # 这个参数... dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) return x - dx, y - dydef curve(p): """ 自定义曲线函数,调整跳动周期 :param p: 参数 :return: 正弦 """ # 可以尝试换其他的动态函数,达到更有力量的效果(贝塞尔?) return 2 * (3 * sin(4 * p)) / (2 * pi)class Heart: """ 爱心类 """ def __init__(self, generate_frame=20): self._points = set() # 原始爱心坐标集合 self._edge_diffusion_points = set() # 边缘扩散效果点坐标集合 self._center_diffusion_points = set() # 中心扩散效果点坐标集合 self.all_points = {} # 每帧动态点坐标 self.build(2000) self.random_halo = 1000 self.generate_frame = generate_frame for frame in range(generate_frame): self.calc(frame) def build(self, number): # 爱心 for _ in range(number): t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi) # 随机不到的地方造成爱心有缺口 x, y = heart_function(t) self._points.add((x, y)) # 爱心内扩散 for _x, _y in list(self._points): for _ in range(3): x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, 0.05) self._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y)) # 爱心内再次扩散 point_list = list(self._points) for _ in range(4000): x, y = random.choice(point_list) x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, 0.17) self._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y)) @staticmethod def calc_position(x, y, ratio): # 调整缩放比例 force = 1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.520) # 魔法参数 dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-1, 1) dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-1, 1) return x - dx, y - dy def calc(self, generate_frame): ratio = 10 * curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) # 圆滑的周期的缩放比例 halo_radius = int(4 + 6 * (1 + curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi))) halo_number = int(3000 + 4000 * abs(curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) ** 2)) all_points = [] # 光环 heart_halo_point = set() # 光环的点坐标集合 for _ in range(halo_number): t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi) # 随机不到的地方造成爱心有缺口 x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=11.6) # 魔法参数 x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius) if (x, y) not in heart_halo_point: # 处理新的点 heart_halo_point.add((x, y)) x += random.randint(-14, 14) y += random.randint(-14, 14) size = random.choice((1, 2, 2)) all_points.append((x, y, size)) # 轮廓 for x, y in self._points: x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio) size = random.randint(1, 3) all_points.append((x, y, size)) # 内容 for x, y in self._edge_diffusion_points: x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio) size = random.randint(1, 2) all_points.append((x, y, size)) for x, y in self._center_diffusion_points: x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio) size = random.randint(1, 2) all_points.append((x, y, size)) self.all_points[generate_frame] = all_points def render(self, render_canvas, render_frame): for x, y, size in self.all_points[render_frame % self.generate_frame]: render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=0, fill=HEART_COLOR)def draw(main: Tk, render_canvas: Canvas, render_heart: Heart, render_frame=0): render_canvas.delete('all') render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame) render_canvas.create_text(320, 320, text="宝贝爱你哟", fill='#e77c8e', font=('微软雅黑', 15, 'bold')) # 此处可自定义 main.after(160, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + 1)if __name__ == '__main__': root = Tk() # 一个Tk root.title('宝贝爱你哟') # 此处可自定义 canvas = Canvas(root, bg='black', height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH) canvas.pack() heart = Heart() # 心 draw(root, canvas, heart) # 开始画 root.mainloop()
祝大家有一个愉快的七夕节,和心爱的人长长久久,百年好合!
来源地址:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_68089732/article/details/132391141
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本文标题: Python绘制爱心代码(七夕限定版)
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