linux 服务器执行post请求 curl命令详解

什么是curl？

curl是一个命令行访问URL的计算机逻辑语言的工具，发出网络请求，然后得到数据并提取出，显示在标准输出“stdout”上面，可以用它来构造Http request报文，curl(CommandLine UnifORM Resource Locator),即在命令行中利用URL进行数据或者文件传输。

基本语法：curl [option] [url]

实际用法

POST 请求 application/JSON

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST  -d '{你的内容}' https://xxx.com/api

-H 请求头
-X 指定要使用的请求命令 POST 请求方式
-d 请求内容体 data的意思

如果遇到https访问证书的问题情况 可以使用 -l 来忽略证书问题请求

-1, --tlsv1         Use => TLSv1 (SSL)     --tlsv1.0       Use TLSv1.0 (SSL)     --tlsv1.1       Use TLSv1.1 (SSL)     --tlsv1.2       Use TLSv1.2 (SSL)     --trace FILE    Write a debug trace to the given file     --trace-ascii FILE  Like --trace but without the hex output     --trace-time    Add time stamps to trace/verbose output     --tr-encoding   Request compressed transfer encoding (H)

请求就变成

curl --tlsv1 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST  -d '{你的内容}' https://xxx.com/api

GET 请求 带认证token

curl -G -H 'Authorization: xxx' https://xxx.com/api

-H 请求头
-G 指定请求为GET请求
-d 请求内容体 data的意思（可以自行添加）

其他请求方式 如 POST form/data 可以使用 -F

curl -X POST -F -H 'Authorization: xxx' -d '' https://xxx.com/api

-H 请求头
-F POST form-data形式请求
-d 请求内容体 data的意思（可以自行添加）

拓展超时时间配置

--connect-timeout   设置连接超时--max-time  设置请求超时

其他详见
curl -help

Usage: curl [options...] Options: (H) means HTTP/HTTPS only, (F) means FTP only     --anyauth       Pick "any" authentication method (H) -a, --append        Append to target file when uploading (F/SFTP)     --basic         Use HTTP Basic Authentication (H)     --cacert FILE   CA certificate to verify peer against (SSL)     --capath DIR    CA directory to verify peer against (SSL) -E, --cert CERT[:PASSWD] Client certificate file and password (SSL)     --cert-type TYPE Certificate file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)     --ciphers LIST  SSL ciphers to use (SSL)     --compressed    Request compressed response (using deflate or gzip) -K, --config FILE   Specify which config file to read     --connect-timeout SECONDS  Maximum time allowed for connection -C, --continue-at OFFSET  Resumed transfer offset -b, --cookie STRING/FILE  String or file to read cookies from (H) -c, --cookie-jar FILE  Write cookies to this file after operation (H)     --create-dirs   Create necessary local directory hierarchy     --crlf          Convert LF to CRLF in upload     --crlfile FILE  Get a CRL list in PEM format from the given file -d, --data DATA     HTTP POST data (H)     --data-ascii DATA  HTTP POST ASCII data (H)     --data-binary DATA  HTTP POST binary data (H)     --data-urlencode DATA  HTTP POST data url encoded (H)     --delegation STRING GSS-API delegation permission     --digest        Use HTTP Digest Authentication (H)     --disable-eprt  Inhibit using EPRT or LPRT (F)     --disable-epsv  Inhibit using EPSV (F) -D, --dump-header FILE  Write the headers to this file     --egd-file FILE  EGD Socket path for random data (SSL)     --engine ENGINGE  Crypto engine (SSL). "--engine list" for list -f, --fail          Fail silently (no output at all) on HTTP errors (H) -F, --form CONTENT  Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H)     --form-string STRING  Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H)     --ftp-account DATA  Account data string (F)     --ftp-alternative-to-user COMMAND  String to replace "USER [name]" (F)     --ftp-create-dirs  Create the remote dirs if not present (F)     --ftp-method [MULTICWD/NOCWD/SINGLECWD] Control CWD usage (F)     --ftp-pasv      Use PASV/EPSV instead of PORT (F) -P, --ftp-port ADR  Use PORT with given address instead of PASV (F)     --ftp-skip-pasv-ip Skip the IP address for PASV (F)     --ftp-pret      Send PRET before PASV (for drftpd) (F)     --ftp-ssl-ccc   Send CCC after authenticating (F)     --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode ACTIVE/PASSIVE  Set CCC mode (F)     --ftp-ssl-control Require SSL/TLS for ftp login, clear for transfer (F) -G, --get           Send the -d data with a HTTP GET (H) -g, --globoff       Disable URL sequences and ranges using {} and [] -H, --header LINE   Custom header to pass to server (H) -I, --head          Show document info only -h, --help          This help text     --hostpubmd5 MD5  Hex encoded MD5 string of the host public key. (ssh) -0, --http1.0       Use HTTP 1.0 (H)     --ignore-content-length  Ignore the HTTP Content-Length header -i, --include       Include protocol headers in the output (H/F) -k, --insecure      Allow connections to SSL sites without certs (H)     --interface INTERFACE  Specify network interface/address to use -4, --ipv4          Resolve name to IPv4 address -6, --ipv6          Resolve name to IPv6 address -j, --junk-session-cookies Ignore session cookies read from file (H)     --keepalive-time SECONDS  Interval between keepalive probes     --key KEY       Private key file name (SSL/SSH)     --key-type TYPE Private key file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)     --krb LEVEL     Enable Kerberos with specified security level (F)     --libcurl FILE  Dump libcurl equivalent code of this command line     --limit-rate RATE  Limit transfer speed to this rate -l, --list-only     List only names of an FTP directory (F)     --local-port RANGE  Force use of these local port numbers -L, --location      Follow redirects (H)     --location-trusted like --location and send auth to other hosts (H) -M, --manual        Display the full manual     --mail-from FROM  Mail from this address     --mail-rcpt TO  Mail to this receiver(s)     --mail-auth AUTH  Originator address of the original email     --max-filesize BYTES  Maximum file size to download (H/F)     --max-redirs NUM  Maximum number of redirects allowed (H) -m, --max-time SECONDS  Maximum time allowed for the transfer     --metalink      Process given URLs as metalink XML file     --neGotiate     Use HTTP Negotiate Authentication (H) -n, --netrc         Must read .netrc for user name and passWord     --netrc-optional Use either .netrc or URL; overrides -n     --netrc-file FILE  Set up the netrc filename to use -N, --no-buffer     Disable buffering of the output stream     --no-keepalive  Disable keepalive use on the connection     --no-sessionid  Disable SSL session-ID reusing (SSL)     --noproxy       List of hosts which do not use proxy     --ntlm          Use HTTP NTLM authentication (H) -o, --output FILE   Write output to  instead of stdout     --pass PASS     Pass phrase for the private key (SSL/SSH)     --post301       Do not switch to GET after following a 301 redirect (H)     --post302       Do not switch to GET after following a 302 redirect (H)     --post303       Do not switch to GET after following a 303 redirect (H) -#, --progress-bar  Display transfer progress as a progress bar     --proto PROTOCOLS  Enable/disable specified protocols     --proto-redir PROTOCOLS  Enable/disable specified protocols on redirect -x, --proxy [PROTOCOL://]HOST[:PORT] Use proxy on given port     --proxy-anyauth Pick "any" proxy authentication method (H)     --proxy-basic   Use Basic authentication on the proxy (H)     --proxy-digest  Use Digest authentication on the proxy (H)     --proxy-negotiate Use Negotiate authentication on the proxy (H)     --proxy-ntlm    Use NTLM authentication on the proxy (H) -U, --proxy-user USER[:PASSWORD]  Proxy user and password     --proxy1.0 HOST[:PORT]  Use HTTP/1.0 proxy on given port -p, --proxytunnel   Operate through a HTTP proxy tunnel (using CONNECT)     --pubkey KEY    Public key file name (SSH) -Q, --quote CMD     Send command(s) to server before transfer (F/SFTP)     --random-file FILE  File for reading random data from (SSL) -r, --range RANGE   Retrieve only the bytes within a range     --raw           Do HTTP "raw", without any transfer decoding (H) -e, --referer       Referer URL (H) -J, --remote-header-name Use the header-provided filename (H) -O, --remote-name   Write output to a file named as the remote file     --remote-name-all Use the remote file name for all URLs -R, --remote-time   Set the remote file's time on the local output -X, --request COMMAND  Specify request command to use     --resolve HOST:PORT:ADDRESS  Force resolve of HOST:PORT to ADDRESS     --retry NUM   Retry request NUM times if transient problems occur     --retry-delay SECONDS When retrying, wait this many seconds between each     --retry-max-time SECONDS  Retry only within this period -S, --show-error    Show error. With -s, make curl show errors when they occur -s, --silent        Silent mode. Don't output anything     --socks4 HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS4 proxy on given host + port     --socks4a HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS4a proxy on given host + port     --socks5 HOST[:PORT]  SOCKS5 proxy on given host + port     --socks5-basic  Enable username/password auth for SOCKS5 proxies     --socks5-gssapi Enable GSS-API auth for SOCKS5 proxies     --socks5-hostname HOST[:PORT] SOCKS5 proxy, pass host name to proxy     --socks5-gssapi-service NAME  SOCKS5 proxy service name for gssapi     --socks5-gssapi-nec  Compatibility with NEC SOCKS5 server -Y, --speed-limit RATE  Stop transfers below speed-limit for 'speed-time' secs -y, --speed-time SECONDS  Time for trig speed-limit abort. Defaults to 30     --ssl           Try SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP)     --ssl-reqd      Require SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP) -2, --sslv2         Use SSLv2 (SSL) -3, --sslv3         Use SSLv3 (SSL)     --ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw to improve interop (SSL)     --stderr FILE   Where to redirect stderr. - means stdout     --tcp-nodelay   Use the TCP_NODELAY option -t, --telnet-option OPT=VAL  Set telnet option     --tftp-blksize VALUE  Set TFTP BLKSIZE option (must be >512) -z, --time-cond TIME  Transfer based on a time condition -1, --tlsv1         Use => TLSv1 (SSL)     --tlsv1.0       Use TLSv1.0 (SSL)     --tlsv1.1       Use TLSv1.1 (SSL)     --tlsv1.2       Use TLSv1.2 (SSL)     --trace FILE    Write a debug trace to the given file     --trace-ascii FILE  Like --trace but without the hex output     --trace-time    Add time stamps to trace/verbose output     --tr-encoding   Request compressed transfer encoding (H) -T, --upload-file FILE  Transfer FILE to destination     --url URL       URL to work with -B, --use-ascii     Use ASCII/text transfer -u, --user USER[:PASSWORD]  Server user and password     --tlsuser USER  TLS username     --tlspassword STRING TLS password     --tlsauthtype STRING  TLS authentication type (default SRP)     --unix-socket FILE    Connect through this UNIX domain socket -A, --user-agent STRING  User-Agent to send to server (H) -v, --verbose       Make the operation more talkative -V, --version       Show version number and quit -w, --write-out FORMAT  What to output after completion     --xattr        Store metadata in extended file attributes -q                 If used as the first parameter disables .curlrc

来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43882515/article/details/129408209