SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么

这篇文章主要介绍“SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在springBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么问题上存在疑惑，小编查阅了各式资料，整理出简单好用的操作方法，希望对大家解答”SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么”的疑惑有所帮助！接下来，请跟着小编一起来学习吧！

一、异步方法调用

由于多个任务同时执行时，默认为单线程，所以我们用异步方法调用，使其成为多线程执行

看一个案例

1、导入依赖

 <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-WEB</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>            <scope>runtime</scope>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>

2、创建异步执行任务线程池

这里我们使用springboot自带的线程池

package com.lzl.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;import java.util.concurrent.Executor;@Configurationpublic class AsyncExcutorPoolConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {    @Bean("asyncExecutor")    @Override    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {        //Spring自带的线程池（最常用）        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();        //线程：IO密集型 和 CPU密集型        //线程设置参数        taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(8);//核心线程数，根据电脑的核数        taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(16);//最大线程数一般为核心线程数的2倍        taskExecutor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true);//任务执行完成后关闭        return taskExecutor;    }}

注意注解不要少

3、创建业务层接口和实现类

package com.lzl.Service;public interface AsyncService {    void testAsync1();    void testAsync2();}

package com.lzl.Service.impl;import com.lzl.Service.AsyncService;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Servicepublic class AsyncImpl implements AsyncService {    @Async    @Override    public void testAsync1() {        try {            Thread.sleep(3000);        } catch (InterruptedException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        System.out.println("精准是唯一重要的标准！");    }    @Async("asyncExecutor")//开启异步执行    @Override    public void testAsync2() {        try {            Thread.sleep(3000);        } catch (InterruptedException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        System.out.println("效率是成功的核心关键！");    }}

创建业务层接口和实现类

package com.lzl.task;import com.lzl.Service.AsyncService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController@RequestMapping("/login")public class LoginController {    @Autowired    private AsyncService service;    @RequestMapping("/Async1")    public String testAsync1(){        service.testAsync1();        return "牛逼！";    }    @RequestMapping("/Async2")    public String testAsync2(){        service.testAsync2();        return "不牛逼！";    }}

在启动类开启异步

整体目录结构如下：

测试：
运行项目，访问controller

访问controller时，页面直接出现返回值，控制台过了两秒打印文字，证明异步执行成功！

二、测试定时任务

1.导入依赖

<dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>            <scope>runtime</scope>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>

2.编写测试类，开启扫描定时任务

package com.lzl.task;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;import java.util.Date;//任务类@Configurationpublic class Tasks {    @Async    @Scheduled(cron = "*/2 * * * * ?")    public void task1(){        System.out.println("效率"+new Date().toLocaleString());    }    @Async    @Scheduled(cron = "*/1 * * * * ?")    public void task2(){        System.out.println("精准"+new Date().toLocaleString());    }}

3.测试

三、实现定时发送邮件案例

这里以QQ邮箱为例，这个功能类似于通过邮箱找回密码类似，需要我们进行授权码操作

1.邮箱开启IMAP服务

登陆QQ邮箱，找到帐户，下拉

看到如下图：

我这里已经开启了，按照步骤操作，会有一个授权码，保存好下边步骤要用，此处不再演示

2.导入依赖

<dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>        <!-- 邮箱 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>            <scope>runtime</scope>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>

3.导入EmailUtil

package com.lzl.utils;import javax.mail.*;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import java.util.Properties;import java.util.Random;public class EmailUtil {    private static final String USER = "@qq.com"; // 发件人邮箱地址    private static final String PASSWord = ""; // qq邮箱的客户端授权码（需要发短信获取）            public static boolean sendMail(String to, String text, String title) {        try {            final Properties props = new Properties();            props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");            props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com");            // 发件人的账号            props.put("mail.user", USER);            //发件人的密码            props.put("mail.password", PASSWORD);            // 构建授权信息，用于进行SMTP进行身份验证            Authenticator authenticator = new Authenticator() {                @Override                protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {                    // 用户名、密码                    String userName = props.getProperty("mail.user");                    String password = props.getProperty("mail.password");                    return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);                }            };            // 使用环境属性和授权信息，创建邮件会话            Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(props, authenticator);            // 创建邮件消息            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);            // 设置发件人            String username = props.getProperty("mail.user");            InternetAddress fORM = new InternetAddress(username);            message.setFrom(form);            // 设置收件人            InternetAddress toAddress = new InternetAddress(to);            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);            // 设置邮件标题            message.setSubject(title);            // 设置邮件的内容体            message.setContent(text, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");            // 发送邮件            Transport.send(message);            return true;        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return false;    }    //随机生成num个数字验证码    public static String getValidateCode(int num) {        Random random = new Random();        String validateCode = "";        for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {            //0 - 9 之间 随机生成 num 次            int result = random.nextInt(10);            validateCode += result;        }        return validateCode;    }    //测试    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        //给指定邮箱发送邮件        EmailUtil.sendMail("729953102@qq.com", "你好，这是一封测试邮件，无需回复。", "测试邮件随机生成的验证码是：" + getValidateCode(6));        System.out.println("发送成功");    }}

4.编写邮件发送方法

package com.lzl.task;import com.lzl.utils.EmailUtil;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;@Configurationpublic class TaskEmail {    //指定时间进行发送邮件    @Scheduled(cron = "10 49 11 * * ?")    public void sendMail(){        EmailUtil.sendMail("自己的邮箱@qq.com", "效率，是成功的核心关键！", "测试邮件随机生成的验证码是：" + EmailUtil.getValidateCode(6));    }}

5.开启异步和定时任务

package com.lzl;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;@SpringBootApplication@EnableAsync//开启异步@EnableScheduling//开启定时任务public class QuartzStudyApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(QuartzStudyApplication.class, args);    }}

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