这篇文章主要介绍spring中事务传播特性的示例分析,文中介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完!一、使用方式可以采用Transactional,配置propagation即可。打开org.springframewo
这篇文章主要介绍spring中事务传播特性的示例分析,文中介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完!
可以采用Transactional,配置propagation即可。
打开org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional
可见默认传播特性是REQUIRED
。
Propagation propagation() default Propagation.REQUIRED;
顾名思义,此项属性是在事务存在交互时生效。那么到底是如何生效的呢,核心源码位于org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatfORMTransactionManager
。核心入口是getTransaction方法。
@Overridepublic final TransactionStatus getTransaction(@Nullable TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException {Object transaction = doGetTransaction();// Cache debug flag to avoid repeated checks.boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();//if (definition == null) {// Use defaults if no transaction definition given.definition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();}//已经存在事务 根据事务传播特性进行处理if (isExistingTransaction(transaction)) {// Existing transaction found -> check propagation behavior to find out how to behave.return handleExistingTransaction(definition, transaction, debugEnabled);}// Check definition settings for new transaction.if (definition.getTimeout() < TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) {throw new InvalidTimeoutException("Invalid transaction timeout", definition.getTimeout());}// No existing transaction found -> check propagation behavior to find out how to proceed.//当前不存在事务 MANDATORY直接抛出异常 if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_MANDATORY) {throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("No existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'mandatory'");}//REQUIRED REQUIRES_NEW NESTED则会新建一个事务else if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED ||definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW ||definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(null);if (debugEnabled) {logger.debug("Creating new transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]: " + definition);}try {boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);doBegin(transaction, definition);prepareSynchronization(status, definition);return status;}catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {resume(null, suspendedResources);throw ex;}}else {xxx}}
可以看到,在当前不存在事务时,
MANDATORY 直接抛出异常
REQUIRED REQUIRES_NEW NESTED 自动新建一个事务。
那么存在事务时是如何处理的呢?
private TransactionStatus handleExistingTransaction(TransactionDefinition definition, Object transaction, boolean debugEnabled)throws TransactionException {//NEVER 已经存在事务 直接抛出异常if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NEVER) {throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'never'");}//NOT_SUPPORTED 注意prepareTransactionStatus方法参数传递事务的时候传递参数为null,所以是采用非事务方式运行。执行会挂起当前事务。if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED) {if (debugEnabled) {logger.debug("Suspending current transaction");}Object suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS);return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, null, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);}//REQUIRES_NEW 新建事务 会挂起当前事务if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW) {if (debugEnabled) {logger.debug("Suspending current transaction, creating new transaction with name [" +definition.getName() + "]");}SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);try {boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);doBegin(transaction, definition);prepareSynchronization(status, definition);return status;}catch (RuntimeException | Error beginEx) {resumeAfterBeginException(transaction, suspendedResources, beginEx);throw beginEx;}}//NESTED 处理嵌套事务if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {// 检查是否支持嵌套事务if (!isNestedTransactionAllowed()) {throw new NestedTransactionNotSupportedException("Transaction manager does not allow nested transactions by default - " +"specify 'nestedTransactionAllowed' property with value 'true'");}if (debugEnabled) {logger.debug("Creating nested transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]");}// 支持的话则采用Savepoint 否则开启新事务 并不会挂起当前事务if (useSavepointForNestedTransaction()) {// Create savepoint within existing Spring-managed transaction,// through the SavepointManager api implemented by TransactionStatus.// Usually uses JDBC 3.0 savepoints. Never activates Spring synchronization.DefaultTransactionStatus status =prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, false, debugEnabled, null);//注意此处会创建savePointstatus.createAndHoldSavepoint();return status;}else {// Nested transaction through nested begin and commit/rollback calls.// Usually only for JTA: Spring synchronization might get activated here// in case of a pre-existing JTA transaction.boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);// 注意此处newTransaction属性设置为true,说明确实采用了创建新事务方式来实现DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);doBegin(transaction, definition);prepareSynchronization(status, definition);return status;}}// Assumably PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS or PROPAGATION_REQUIRED.if (debugEnabled) {logger.debug("Participating in existing transaction");}if (isValidateExistingTransaction()) {if (definition.getIsolationLevel() != TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_DEFAULT) {Integer currentIsolationLevel = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel();if (currentIsolationLevel == null || currentIsolationLevel != definition.getIsolationLevel()) {Constants isoConstants = DefaultTransactionDefinition.constants;throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +definition + "] specifies isolation level which is incompatible with existing transaction: " +(currentIsolationLevel != null ?isoConstants.toCode(currentIsolationLevel, DefaultTransactionDefinition.PREFIX_ISOLATION) :"(unknown)"));}}if (!definition.isReadOnly()) {if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isCurrentTransactionReadOnly()) {throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +definition + "] is not marked as read-only but existing transaction is");}}}boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);// 其他的传播特性则加入当前事务 不会创建新事务return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);}
可以看到,当已经存在事务时,
NEVER 直接报错,不支持事务
NOT_SUPPORTED 默默按照非事务方式运行
REQUIRES_NEW 新建一个事务。
NESTED 处理嵌套事务 视情况采用savePoint或者新建事务。
其他的 加入当前事务
SavePoint
先简单说说SavePoint机制吧。这个也比较简单。
比如一个 事务比较复杂,容易出错。那么如果当前DB支持SavePoint的话,那么创建一个SavePoint就等于创建了一个快照,可以不用每次都回滚整个事务,仅回滚到指定的SavePoint即可。
NESTED这个处理确实比较复杂。个人也查了很多资料。目前个人目前理解如下:
NESTED对于事务的处理主要在于级别不同。
REQUIRES_NEW创建的两个事务是平级的,一个事务的成功与否对另一个事务的成功与否不产生影响。
而NESTED创建的事务则名副其实,是受其父级事务影响的。
一句话总结就是,子事务的成功与否不影响父级事务的成功,但是父级事务的成功与否则会影响子事务的成功。
父事务回滚,子事务一定会滚。
子事务回滚,父事务不一定会滚。
最后总结如下
名称 | 说明 |
PROPAGATION_REQUIRED | 方法被调用时自动开启事务,在事务范围内使用则使用同一个事务,否则开启新事务。 默认选项。 |
PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS | 支持当前事务,如果当前没有事务,就以非事务方式执行。 |
PROPAGATION_MANDATORY | 支持当前事务,如果当前没有事务,就抛出异常。 |
PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW | 新建事务,如果当前存在事务,把当前事务挂起。 |
PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED | 以非事务方式执行操作,如果当前存在事务,就把当前事务挂起。 |
PROPAGATION_NEVER | 以非事务方式执行,如果当前存在事务,则抛出异常。 |
PROPAGATION_NESTED | 如果一个活动的事务存在,则运行在一个嵌套的事务中. 如果没有活动事务, 则按TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED 属性执行。需要JDBC3.0以上支持。 |
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