如何使用SpringCloud搭建一个微服务框架

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spring cloud是一个基于Spring Boot实现的云应用开发工具，它为基于JVM的云应用开发中的配置管理、服务发现、断路器、智能路由、微代理、控制总线、全局锁、决策竞选、分布式会话和集群状态管理等操作提供了一种简单的开发方式。

spring Cloud包含了多个子项目（针对分布式系统中涉及的多个不同开源产品），比如：Spring Cloud Config、Spring Cloud Netflix、Spring Cloud CloudFoundry、Spring Cloud AWS、Spring Cloud Security、Spring Cloud Commons、Spring Cloud ZooKeeper、Spring Cloud CLI等项目。

1.微服务

微服务主要包含服务注册，服务发现，服务路由，服务配置，服务熔断，服务降级等一系列的服务，而Spring Cloud为我们提供了个一整套的服务；

本例子为你提供了最简单的一个服务发现例子，包含服务注册发现spinGCloudEurekaServer、服务配置中心spingCloudConfServer、以及一个app应用springCloudApp

2.服务注册与发现

spingCloudEurekaServer

pom.xml

<project xmlns="Http://Maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>com.caicongyang</groupId>  <artifactId>spingCloudEurekaServer</artifactId>  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  <parent>   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-parent</artifactId>   <version>Angel.SR6</version>  </parent>  <dependencies>     <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>   </dependency>  </dependencies>  <build>   <plugins>    <plugin>     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>     <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>    </plugin>   </plugins>  </build> </project>

Application.java

package com.caicongyang.eureka;  import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;   @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaServer public class Application {  public static void main(String[] args) {   SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);  } }

application.yml  （可用properties替代）

server:   port: 9999 eureka:   instance:    hostname: 127.0.0.1   client:    reGISterWithEureka: false    fetchRegistry: false    serviceUrl:       defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

3.服务配置（全局配置中心）

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>com.caicongyang</groupId>  <artifactId>spingCloudConfServer</artifactId>  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>   <parent>   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-parent</artifactId>   <version>Angel.SR6</version>  </parent>  <dependencies>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>   </dependency>   <!-- sping cloud 注册服务 -->   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>    <scope>test</scope>   </dependency>  </dependencies>   <build>   <plugins>    <plugin>     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>     <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>    </plugin>   </plugins>   <defaultGoal>compile</defaultGoal>  </build> </project>

application.java

package com.caiconyang.conf;  import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;   @SpringBootApplication @EnableConfigServer public class Application {  public static void main(String[] args) {    SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);   }  }

application.properties

server.port=8888 ## App配置文件所在git地址 spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://git.oschina.net/caicongyang/springCloudConfigRepo.git spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=repo spring.application.name=spingCloudConfServer

4.App 

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>com.caicongyang</groupId>  <artifactId>springCloudApp</artifactId>  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>   <parent>   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-parent</artifactId>   <version>Angel.SR6</version>  </parent>  <properties>   <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>   <java.version>1.7</java.version>   <java.encoding>UTF-8</java.encoding>   <springfox.swagger.version>2.2.2</springfox.swagger.version>  </properties>  <dependencies>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-WEB</artifactId>   </dependency>   <!-- sping cloud 监控 http://localhost:8080/health -->   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>   </dependency>   <!-- sping cloud 注册服务 -->   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>   </dependency>    <!-- sping cloud 路由 -->   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>   </dependency>    <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>    <scope>test</scope>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>    <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>    <version>${springfox.swagger.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>    <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>    <version>${springfox.swagger.version}</version>   </dependency>  </dependencies>     <build>   <finalName>spingcould</finalName>   <plugins>    <plugin>     <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>     <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>     <configuration>      <source>${java.version}</source>      <target>${java.version}</target>      <encoding>${java.encoding}</encoding>      <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>     </configuration>    </plugin>   </plugins>  </build>   </project>

Application.java

package com.caicongyang.springCloudApp.main;  import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;   @Configuration//配置控制 @EnableAutoConfiguration//启用自动配置 @ComponentScan(value={"com.caicongyang.springCloudApp"})//组件扫描 @EnableDiscoveryClient public class Application {  public static void main(String[] args) {    //第一个简单的应用，    SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);   }  }

SwaggerConfig.java

package com.caicongyang.springCloudApp.conf;  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;  import springfox.documentation.service.apiInfo; import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;   @Configuration @EnableSwagger2 public class SwaggerConfig {   @Value("${swagger.ui.enable}") //该配置项在配置中心管理  private boolean environmentSpecificBooleanFlag;    @Bean  public Docket docketFactory() {   return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(    new ApiInfo("接口文档", "SpingCloud web接口列表", "1.0", "", "", "", "")).enable(environmentSpecificBooleanFlag);  } }

application.properties

server.port=8080 spring.cloud.config.uri=http://127.0.0.1:8888 spring.cloud.config.name=springCloudApp spring.cloud.config.profile=${config.profile:dev} #service discovery url eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:9999/eureka/ #service name spring.application.name=springCloudApp

5.测试与验证

顺序启动服务注册发现spingCloudEurekaServer、服务配置中心spingCloudConfServer、以及一个app应用springCloudApp

测试与验证

访问http://localhost:9999/eureka/  app是否已经注册上来

访问 http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html 是否正常访问，如果正常访问说明争取读取到config配置中心的swagger.ui.enable配置项

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