目录前言通过ref直接拿到dom引用适用场景示例代码通过父容器的ref遍历拿到dom引用适用场景示例代码通过:ref将dom引用放到数组中适用场景示例代码通过子组件emit传递ref
最近产品经理提出了很多用户体验优化的需求,涉及到很多dom的操作。
小张:“老铁,本来开发Vue2项目操作dom挺简单的,现在开发vue3项目,突然感觉一头雾水!”
我:“没事,原理都差不多,查查资料应该没问题的!”
至此将Vue3中dom操作常见的几种方式总结一下!
<template>
<div class="demo1-container">
<div ref="sectionRef" class="ref-section"></div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {ref} from 'vue'
const sectionRef = ref()
</script>
通过对div元素添加了ref属性,为了获取到这个元素,我们声明了一个与ref属性名称相同的变量sectionRef,然后我们通过 sectionRef.value 的形式即可获取该div元素。
单一dom元素或者个数较少的场景
<template>
<div class="demo1-container">
<p>通过ref直接拿到dom</p>
<div ref="sectionRef" class="ref-section"></div>
<button @click="higherAction" class="btn">变高</button>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {ref} from 'vue'
const sectionRef = ref()
let height = 100;
const higherAction = () => {
height += 50;
sectionRef.value.style = `height: ${height}px`;
}
</script>
<style lang="sCSS" scoped>
.demo1-container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
.ref-section {
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
background-color: pink;
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
}
.btn {
width: 200px;
height: 50px;
background-color: gray;
color: #fff;
margin-top: 100px;
}
}
</style>
<template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<div ref="listRef" class="list-section">
<div @click="higherAction(index)" class="list-item" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, Reactive } from 'vue'
const listRef = ref()
通过对父元素添加了ref属性,并声明了一个与ref属性名称相同的变量listRef,此时通过listRef.value会获得包含子元素的dom对象
此时可以通过listRef.value.children[index]的形式获取子元素dom
通过v-for循环生成的固定数量元素的场景
<template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<p>通过父容器遍历拿到dom</p>
<div ref="listRef" class="list-section">
<div @click="higherAction(index)" class="list-item" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, reactive } from 'vue'
const listRef = ref()
const state = reactive({
list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
})
const higherAction = (index: number) => {
let height = listRef.value.children[index].style.height ? listRef.value.children[index].style.height : '20px';
height = Number(height.replace('px', ''));
listRef.value.children[index].style = `height: ${height + 20}px`;
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.demo2-container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
.list-section {
width: 200px;
.list-item {
width: 200px;
height: 20px;
background-color: pink;
color: #333;
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
}
}
</style>
<template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<div class="list-section">
<div :ref="setRefAction" @click="higherAction(index)" class="list-item" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'
const state = reactive({
list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
refList: [] as Array<any>
})
const setRefAction = (el: any) => {
state.refList.push(el);
}
</script>
通过:ref循环调用setRefAction方法,该方法会默认接收一个el参数,这个参数就是我们需要获取的div元素
此时可以通过state.refList[index]的形式获取子元素dom
通过v-for循环生成的不固定数量或者多种元素的场景
<template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<p>通过:ref将dom引用放到数组中</p>
<div class="list-section">
<div :ref="setRefAction" @click="higherAction(index)" class="list-item" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'
const state = reactive({
list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
refList: [] as Array<any>
})
const higherAction = (index: number) => {
let height = state.refList[index].style.height ? state.refList[index].style.height : '20px';
height = Number(height.replace('px', ''));
state.refList[index].style = `height: ${height + 20}px`;
console.log(state.refList[index]);
}
const setRefAction = (el: any) => {
state.refList.push(el);
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.demo2-container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
.list-section {
width: 200px;
.list-item {
width: 200px;
height: 20px;
background-color: pink;
color: #333;
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
}
}
</style>
<template>
<div ref="cellRef" @click="cellAction" class="cell-item">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {ref} from 'vue';
const props = defineProps({
item: Number
})
const emit = defineEmits(['cellTap']);
const cellRef = ref();
const cellAction = () => {
emit('cellTap', cellRef.value);
}
</script>
通过对子组件添加了ref属性,并声明了一个与ref属性名称相同的变量cellRef,此时可以通过emit将cellRef.value作为一个dom引用传递出去
多个页面都可能有操作组件dom的场景
<template>
<div ref="cellRef" @click="cellAction" class="cell-item">
<span>{{item}}</span>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {ref} from 'vue';
const props = defineProps({
item: Number
})
const emit = defineEmits(['cellTap']);
const cellRef = ref();
const cellAction = () => {
emit('cellTap', cellRef.value);
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.cell-item {
width: 200px;
height: 20px;
background-color: pink;
color: #333;
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
</style>
<template>
<div class="demo2-container">
<p>通过子组件emit传递ref</p>
<div class="list-section">
<Cell :item="item" @cellTap="cellTapHandler" v-for="(item, index) in state.list" :key="index">
</Cell>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'
import Cell from '@/components/Cell.vue'
const state = reactive({
list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
refList: [] as Array<any>
})
const cellTapHandler = (el: any) => {
let height = el.style.height ? el.style.height : '20px';
height = Number(height.replace('px', ''));
el.style = `height: ${height + 20}px`;
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.demo2-container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
.list-section {
width: 200px;
}
}
</style>
推荐几个作者参与的开源项目,如果项目有帮助到你,欢迎star!
一个简单的基于Vue3、TS、Vite、qiankun技术栈的后台管理项目
:www.xkxk.tech
一个基于Vue3、Vite的仿element UI的组件库项目
:ui.xkxk.tech
一个基于Vue3、Vite的炫酷大屏项目
:screen.xkxk.tech
到此这篇关于Vue3中操作ref的四种使用方式示例代码(建议收藏)的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Vue3操作ref内容请搜索编程网以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持编程网!
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本文标题: Vue3中操作ref的四种使用方式示例代码(建议收藏)
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