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目录SpringBoot Event 事件实现异步延迟执行使用它只需要三样东西总结springBoot Event 事件实现异步延迟执行 Spring的事件(Application
Spring的事件(Application Event)非常好用,虽然有一点会出现代码污染,但是在做不使用其他框架来做异步的情况先,还是非常方便的。
但是有时候我需要做延时执行,自带的功能缺不支持,但是我发现ApplicationEvent对象里面有两个成员变量,source和timestamp,构造函数(@since 5.3.8)也提供了同时注入这两个变量数据。
public ApplicationEvent(Object source, Clock clock) {
super(source);
this.timestamp = clock.millis();
}
但是,看了说明timestamp只是标志执行的时间,并不是为了延迟执行,可惜了。
于是查了一些资料,找到java.util.concurrent.DelayQueue对象,jdk自带了延迟的队列对象,我们可以考虑利用自带的timestamp和延迟队列DelayQueue结合一起来实现,具体DelayQueue的使用请自行查询,非常的简单。
首先,继承的ApplicationEvent重新实现一下。
不单单要继承ApplicationEvent,还需要实现Delayed,主要是因为DelayQueue队列中必须是Delayed的实现类
import java.time.Clock;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.Delayed;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
public class ApplicationDelayedEvent extends ApplicationEvent implements Delayed {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public ApplicationDelayedEvent(Object source) {
this(source, 0L);
}
public ApplicationDelayedEvent(Object source, long delaySeconds) {
super(source, Clock.offset(Clock.systemDefaultZone(), Duration.ofSeconds(delaySeconds)));
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Delayed o) {
// 最好用NANOSECONDS,更精确,但是用处不大
long delta = getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) - o.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
return (int) delta;
}
@Override
public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
// 最好用NANOSECONDS,更精确,但是用处不大,负数也会认为到时间了
long millis = this.getTimestamp();
long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
long sourceDuration = millis - currentTimeMillis;
return unit.convert(sourceDuration, unit);
}
}
多了两个必须实现的方法,compareTo是排序,应该是队列中的顺序。
getDelay是主要的方法,目的是归0的时候会从DelayQueue释放出来,当然那必须是NANOSECONDS级别的,我使用MILLISECONDS,就会出现负数,但也是可以的,也能释放出来。
另一个需要改的就是发布者,所以重新写一个ApplicationDelayEventPublisher
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import java.time.fORMat.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.concurrent.DelayQueue;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Slf4j
@Component
public class ApplicationDelayEventPublisher implements ApplicationRunner {
// ApplicationDelayedEvent需要import进来
private DelayQueue<ApplicationDelayedEvent> delayQueue = new DelayQueue<>();
@Autowired
private ApplicationEventPublisher eventPublisher;
@Autowired
@Qualifier("watchTaskExecutor")
private ThreadPoolTaskExecutor poolTaskExecutor;
public void publishEvent(ApplicationDelayedEvent event) {
boolean result = delayQueue.offer(event);
log.info("加入延迟队列。。。。{}", result);
}
@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
poolTaskExecutor.execute(() -> watchThread());
}
private void watchThread() {
while (true) {
try {
log.info("启动延时任务的监听线程。。。。");
ApplicationDelayedEvent event = this.delayQueue.take();
log.info("接收到延时任务执行。。。{}", ZonedDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME));
eventPublisher.publishEvent(event);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
log.info("启动延时任务的监听线程关闭");
this.delayQueue.clear();
break;
}
}
}
}
需要实现ApplicationRunner作为Spring Boot的启动时候运行的bean,目的就是开启监听线程,有事件到了执行时间take方法会得到数据,然后调用Spring原生的事件发布。
另外特别说明的就是监听线程不能随便创建,脱离了Spring容器的线程池会造成关闭服务的时候造成无法关闭的现象,所以建议还是自定义一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
@Bean
public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor watchTaskExecutor() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
executor.setCorePoolSize(1);
executor.setMaxPoolSize(1);
executor.setQueueCapacity(1);
executor.seTKEepAliveSeconds(60);
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("watch_task_");
// 线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略
// ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy:丢弃任务并抛出RejectedExecutionException异常
// ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy:丢弃任务,但是不抛出异常。
// ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy:丢弃队列最前面。
// ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy:由调用者处理该任务 。
executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
// 初始化
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}
最后就是接收事件,跟传统的接收是一样的,异步只需要在配置类上加上@EnableAsync注解就行了,然后在监听的方法上加@Async
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Slf4j
@Configuration
@EnableAsync
@ConditionalOnClass(ApplicationDelayEventPublisher.class)
public class DelayEventConfiguration {
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
log.info("延迟Spring事件模块启动中。。。");
}
// 不能和监听线程放到一个线程池,不然无法执行
@Bean
public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor poolTaskExecutor() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
executor.setCorePoolSize(3);
executor.setMaxPoolSize(50);
executor.setQueueCapacity(10000);
executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(30);
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("my_task_");
// 线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略
// ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy:丢弃任务并抛出RejectedExecutionException异常
// ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy:丢弃任务,但是不抛出异常。
// ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy:丢弃队列最前面。
// ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy:由调用者处理该任务 。
executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());
// 初始化
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}
@Bean
public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor watchTaskExecutor() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
executor.setCorePoolSize(1);
executor.setMaxPoolSize(1);
executor.setQueueCapacity(1);
executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(60);
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("watch_task_");
// 线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略
// ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy:丢弃任务并抛出RejectedExecutionException异常
// ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy:丢弃任务,但是不抛出异常。
// ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy:丢弃队列最前面。
// ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy:由调用者处理该任务 。
executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
// 初始化
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}
}
@Async("poolTaskExecutor")
@EventListener
public void listenDelayEvent(ApplicationDelayedEvent event) {
log.info("收到执行事件:{}", event.getSource());
}
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持编程网。
--结束END--
本文标题: SpringBootEvent事件如何实现异步延迟执行
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