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traefik 与 Nginx 一样,是一款优秀的反向代理工具,或者叫 Edge Router。至于使用它的原因则基于以下几点无须重启即可更新配置自动的服务发现与负载均衡与 Docker&n
traefik
与 Nginx
一样,是一款优秀的反向代理工具,或者叫 Edge Router
。至于使用它的原因则基于以下几点
无须重启即可更新配置
自动的服务发现与负载均衡
漂亮的 dashboard
界面
metrics
的支持,对 prometheus
和 k8s
的集成
接下来讲一下它的安装,基本功能以及配置。traefik
在 v1
与 v2
版本间差异过大,本篇文章采用了 v2
traefik官方文档:https://docs.traefik.io/
注意:Traefikv2.0之后的版本在修改了很多bug之后也增加了新的特性,比如增加了tcp的支持,并且更换了新的WEB UI界面
数量:1台
docker版本:19.03.6
docker版本:1.24.1
ip地址:192.168.28.218
新建yaml文件
vi traefik-v2.1.yaml
内容如下:
version: '3'
services:
reverse-proxy:
image: traefik:2.1.6
# Enables the web UI and tells Traefik to listen to docker
# 启用webUI 并告诉Traefile去监听docker的容器实例
command: --api.insecure=true --providers.docker
ports:
# traefik暴露的Http端口
- "80:80"
# webUI暴露的端口(必须制定--api.insecure=true才可以访问)
- "8080:8080"
volumes:
# 指定docker的sock文件来让traefik获取docker的事件,从而实现动态负载均衡
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
使用docker-compose创建集群
# docker-compose -f traefik-v2.1.yaml up -d reverse-proxy
Creating network "opt_default" with the default driver
Creating opt_reverse-proxy_1 ... done
查看使用docker-compose启动的应用
# docker-compose -f traefik-v2.1.yaml ps
Name Command State Ports
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------opt_reverse-proxy_1 /entrypoint.sh --api.insec ... Up 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp
直接访问traefik对外暴露的http接口
curl -s "http://localhost:8080/api/rawdata" | python -m JSON.tool
输出如下:
{
"middlewares": {
"dashboard_redirect@internal": {
"redirectRegex": {
"permanent": true,
"regex": "^(http:\\/\\/[^:\\/]+(:\\d+)?)\\/$",
"replacement": "${1}/dashboard/"
},
"status": "enabled",
"usedBy": [
"dashboard@internal"
]
},
"dashboard_stripprefix@internal": {
"status": "enabled",
"stripPrefix": {
"prefixes": [
"/dashboard/",
"/dashboard"
]
},
"usedBy": [
"dashboard@internal"
]
}
},
"routers": {
"api@internal": {
"entryPoints": [
"traefik"
],
"priority": 2147483646,
"rule": "PathPrefix(`/api`)",
"service": "api@internal",
"status": "enabled",
"using": [
"traefik"
]
},
"dashboard@internal": {
"entryPoints": [
"traefik"
],
"middlewares": [
"dashboard_redirect@internal",
"dashboard_stripprefix@internal"
],
"priority": 2147483645,
"rule": "PathPrefix(`/`)",
"service": "dashboard@internal",
"status": "enabled",
"using": [
"traefik"
]
},
"reverse-proxy-opt@docker": {
"rule": "Host(`reverse-proxy-opt`)",
"service": "reverse-proxy-opt",
"status": "enabled",
"using": [
"http",
"traefik"
]
}
},
"services": {
"api@internal": {
"status": "enabled",
"usedBy": [
"api@internal"
]
},
"dashboard@internal": {
"status": "enabled",
"usedBy": [
"dashboard@internal"
]
},
"reverse-proxy-opt@docker": {
"loadBalancer": {
"passhostHeader": true,
"servers": [
{
"url": "http://172.18.0.2:80"
}
]
},
"serverStatus": {
"http://172.18.0.2:80": "UP"
},
"status": "enabled",
"usedBy": [
"reverse-proxy-opt@docker"
]
}
}
}
http://192.168.28.218:8080/
效果如下:
Traefik来检测新服务并为你创建一个路由
vi test-service.yaml
内容如下:
version: '3'
services:
whoami:
image: containous/whoami
labels:
- "traefik.http.routers.whoami.rule=Host(`whoami.docker.localhost`)"
# docker-compose -f test-service.yaml up -d whoami
WARNING: Found orphan containers (opt_reverse-proxy_1) for this project. If you removed or renamed this service in your compose file, you can run this command with the --remove-orphans flag to clean it up.
Creating opt_whoami_1 ... done
查看新创建的服务
# docker-compose -f test-service.yaml ps
Name Command State Ports
---------------------------------------opt_whoami_1 /whoami Up 80/tcp
再次查看traefik中的路由信息(就会发现服务自动加载进去了)
其实有点儿类似kong 的路由,只是traefik会自动监听docker的事件
curl -s "http://localhost:8080/api/rawdata" | Python -m json.tool
输出如下:
{
"middlewares": {
"dashboard_redirect@internal": {
"redirectRegex": {
"permanent": true,
"regex": "^(http:\\/\\/[^:\\/]+(:\\d+)?)\\/$",
"replacement": "${1}/dashboard/"
},
"status": "enabled",
"usedBy": [
"dashboard@internal"
]
},
"dashboard_stripprefix@internal": {
"status": "enabled",
"stripPrefix": {
"prefixes": [
"/dashboard/",
"/dashboard"
]
},
"usedBy": [
"dashboard@internal"
]
}
},
"routers": {
"api@internal": {
"entryPoints": [
"traefik"
],
"priority": 2147483646,
"rule": "PathPrefix(`/api`)",
"service": "api@internal",
"status": "enabled",
"using": [
"traefik"
]
},
"dashboard@internal": {
"entryPoints": [
"traefik"
],
"middlewares": [
"dashboard_redirect@internal",
"dashboard_stripprefix@internal"
],
"priority": 2147483645,
"rule": "PathPrefix(`/`)",
"service": "dashboard@internal",
"status": "enabled",
"using": [
"traefik"
]
},
"reverse-proxy-opt@docker": {
"rule": "Host(`reverse-proxy-opt`)",
"service": "reverse-proxy-opt",
"status": "enabled",
"using": [
"http",
"traefik"
]
},
"whoami@docker": {
"rule": "Host(`whoami.docker.localhost`)",
"service": "whoami-opt",
"status": "enabled",
"using": [
"http",
"traefik"
]
}
},
"services": {
"api@internal": {
"status": "enabled",
"usedBy": [
"api@internal"
]
},
"dashboard@internal": {
"status": "enabled",
"usedBy": [
"dashboard@internal"
]
},
"reverse-proxy-opt@docker": {
"loadBalancer": {
"passHostHeader": true,
"servers": [
{
"url": "http://172.19.0.2:80"
}
]
},
"serverStatus": {
"http://172.19.0.2:80": "UP"
},
"status": "enabled",
"usedBy": [
"reverse-proxy-opt@docker"
]
},
"whoami-opt@docker": {
"loadBalancer": {
"passHostHeader": true,
"servers": [
{
"url": "http://172.19.0.3:80"
}
]
},
"serverStatus": {
"http://172.19.0.3:80": "UP"
},
"status": "enabled",
"usedBy": [
"whoami@docker"
]
}
}
}
查看Traefik中的http反向代理记录,点击HTTP
测试访问
# curl -H Host:whoami.docker.localhost
Hostname: c334de4bc3c8
IP: 127.0.0.1IP: 172.19.0.3RemoteAddr: 172.19.0.2:57632GET / HTTP/1.1Host: whoami.docker.localhost
User-Agent: curl/7.29.0Accept: **Accept-Encoding: gzip
X-Forwarded-For: 172.19.0.1
X-Forwarded-Host: whoami.docker.localhost
X-Forwarded-Port: 80
X-Forwarded-Proto: http
X-Forwarded-Server: 1ee8d25b3aac
X-Real-Ip: 172.19.0.1
查看Traefike后端每个service的详情信息:
就会看到2个service
在traefik中的配置,会涉及到两方面内容:
动态的路由配置(即由k8s-api或docker相关api来自动发现服务的endpoint而进行路由的配置描述)
静态的启动配置(即traefik标准的启动配置参数)
注意:使用docker run traefik[:version] --help可查看traefik的配置参数
操作系统 | ip | 主机名 | 配置 | 备注 |
centos 7.6 | 192.168.31.150 | k8s-master | 2核4G | kubernetes1.16.3 |
centos 7.6 | 192.168.31.178 | k8s-node01 | 2核8G | Kubernetes1.16.3 |
mkdir /opt/traefik
目录结构如下:
./
├── traefik-config.yaml
├── traefik-ds-v2.1.6.yaml
├── traefik-rbac.yaml
└── ui.yaml
traefik-config.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: traefik-config
namespace: kube-system
data:
traefik.toml: |
defaultEntryPoints = ["http","https"]
debug = false
logLevel = "INFO"
# Do not verify backend certificates (use https backends)
InsecureSkipVerify = true
[entryPoints]
[entryPoints.http]
address = ":80"
compress = true
[entryPoints.https]
address = ":443"
[entryPoints.https.tls]
#Config to redirect http to https
#[entryPoints]
# [entryPoints.http]
# address = ":80"
# compress = true
# [entryPoints.http.redirect]
# entryPoint = "https"
# [entryPoints.https]
# address = ":443"
# [entryPoints.https.tls]
[web]
address = ":8080"
[kubernetes]
[metrics]
[metrics.prometheus]
buckets=[0.1,0.3,1.2,5.0]
entryPoint = "traefik"
[ping]
entryPoint = "http"
traefik-ds-v2.1.6.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: DaemonSet
apiVersion: apps/v1
#apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller-v2
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
name: traefik-ingress-lb-v2
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
name: traefik-ingress-lb-v2
spec:
serviceAccountName: traefik-ingress-controller
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
containers:
- image: traefik:2.1.6
name: traefik-ingress-lb-v2
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: 80
hostPort: 80
- name: admin
containerPort: 8080
hostPort: 8080
securityContext:
capabilities:
drop:
- ALL
add:
- NET_BIND_SERVICE
args:
- --api
- --api.insecure=true
- --providers.kubernetesingress=true
- --log.level=INFO
#- --configfile=/config/traefik.toml
#volumeMounts:
#- mountPath: /config
# name: config
volumes:
- configMap:
name: traefik-config
name: config
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-service-v2
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb-v2
spec:
selector:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb-v2
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 80
name: web
- protocol: TCP
port: 8080
name: admin
traefik-rbac.yaml
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- services
- endpoints
- secrets
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- extensions
resources:
- ingresses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- extensions
resources:
- ingresses/status
verbs:
- update
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: traefik-ingress-controller
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: traefik-ingress-controller
namespace: kube-system
ui.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: traefik-web-ui
namespace: kube-system
spec:
selector:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
ports:
- name: web
port: 80
targetPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: traefik-web-ui
namespace: kube-system
spec:
rules:
- host: prod-traefik-ui.bgbiao.cn
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: traefik-web-ui
servicePort: web
cd /opt/traefik
kubectl apply -f .
查看pod
# kubectl get pods -n kube-system | grep traefik
traefik-ingress-controller-v2-hz82b 1/1 Running 0 8m4s
查看svc
# kubectl get svc -n kube-system | grep traefik
traefik-ingress-service-v2 ClusterIP 10.1.188.71 <none> 80/TCP,8080/TCP 8m56s
traefik-web-ui ClusterIP 10.1.239.107 <none> 80/TCP 46m
查看ingresses
# kubectl get ingresses.extensions -n kube-system
NAME HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
traefik-web-ui prod-traefik-ui.bgbiao.cn 80 48m
由于没有dns服务器,这里直接修改hosts来测试。windows 10添加一条hosts记录
192.168.31.178 prod-traefik-ui.bgbiao.cn
注意:这里的192.168.31.178是node节点ip
效果如下:
直接通过node ip+8080方式,比如:
http://192.168.31.178:8080
效果同上!
点击http
查看 http service
效果如下:
注意:虽然traefikv2.x改动了很多,但是还是向下兼容一些内容的,比如我重新创建traefik-v2.0.1之后,之前创建的ingress规则会自动导入
本文参考链接:
https://www.jianshu.com/p/0fc6df85d00d
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/97420459
--结束END--
本文标题: Traefik-v2.x快速入门
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