Centos下安装Python详细教程

一、准备安装环境

系统：Centos 6.5

内核：

         [root@test ~]# uname -r
         2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

二、下载相应软件包

python：wget Http://www.Python.org/ftp/python/2.7.3/Python-2.7.3.tgz

setuptools：wget  https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz

三、开始实战安装

1）创建安装目录，并将下载的包放入此目录

[root@test /]# mkdir python  

[root@test python]# ll            
total 14068
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 14135620 Apr 10  2012 Python-2.7.3.tgz
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   256862 Nov 26 08:40 setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz

[root@test python]# tar -zxvf Python-2.7.3.tgz
[root@test python]# ls
Python-2.7.3  Python-2.7.3.tgz

2）安装编译所需要的zlib，zlib-devel包（如果没有安装则出现如下错误

[root@test python]#yum -y install zlib zlib-devel

注：如果没有安装则出现如下错误

  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/zipfile.py", line 681, in __init__
    "Compression requires the (missing) zlib module"

RuntimeError: Compression requires the (missing) zlib module

3）. 配置安装路径
[root@test Python-2.7.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python-2.7.3

4）. 编译和安装
[root@test Python-2.7.3]# make
[root@test Python-2.7.3]# make install

5）. 配置软链接
[root@test /]# ln -s /usr/local/python-2.7.3/bin/python /bin/python-2.7.3
[root@test python]# python-2.7.3
Python 2.7.3 (default, Nov 26 2015, 08:51:08)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more infORMation.
>>>

6）. 下载安装setuptools

[root@test python]# tar -zxvf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz
[root@test python]# cd setuptools-0.6c11
[root@test setuptools-0.6c11]# python-2.7.3 setup.py build
[root@test setuptools-0.6c11]# python-2.7.3 setup.py install  （这步很关键，如果出现了问题，请回到步骤2）安装依赖包，重新编译安装python即可）
[root@test bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python-2.7.3/bin/easy_install /bin/easy_install-2.7.3

7）利用easy_install安装相应库
[root@test setuptools-0.6c11]# easy_install-2.7.3 Django