前言:
3Dsmax 在 2014 extension 之后开始集成 python 和 PySide,但是在版本2014 extension - 2015 中,当设置 Qt UI 的父窗口为 max 主窗口的时候会报错,3dsmax2016 修复了这个bug,2017 和 2018 对 parenting qt widget to max main window 的方式都有所更新,下面来看看每个版本的具体方式。
3dsmax2014 extension - 2015:
下面是报错的代码:(在MAXScript Listener中运行 Python.ExecuteFile @"[Path]\maxPyGui.py",[Path]改为文件的所在路径)
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
在MAXScript Listener中运行 python.ExecuteFile @"[Path]\maxPyGui.py"
[Path]改为 maxPyGui.py 所在的路径
"""
from PySide import QtGui
from PySide import shiboken
import MaxPlus
class _GCProtector(object):
widgets = []
app = QtGui.QApplication.instance()
if not app:
app = QtGui.QApplication([])
def main():
MaxPlus.FileManager.Reset(True)
w = QtGui.QWidget()
w.resize(250, 100)
w.setWindowTitle('Window')
_GCProtector.widgets.append(w)
main_layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
label = QtGui.QLineEdit()
main_layout.addWidget(label)
cylinder_btn = QtGui.QPushButton("test")
main_layout.addWidget(cylinder_btn)
w.setLayout(main_layout)
# 这是会报错的方式
maxWinHwd = MaxPlus.Core.GetWindowHandle()
parent = shiboken.wrapinstance(long(maxWinHwd), QtGui.QWidget)
w.setParent(parent)#报错在这里,如果你的窗口继承了QtGui.QWidget,parent = parent 也会报错,如果想正常运行,请注释这行
"""Max2016的修正方式
MaxPlus.AttachQWidgetToMax(w)
"""
"""不太好的方式
hwnd = w.winId()
import ctypes
ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.argtypes = [ctypes.py_object]
int_hwnd = ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(hwnd)
MaxPlus.Win32_Set3dsMaxAsParentWindow(int_hwnd)
"""
w.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
注意:如果运行报错SyntaxError: encoding declaration in Unicode string (maxPyGui.py, line 0),请去掉第一行的 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-,在命令行中运行不需要指定,下面的代码例子也一样。
很多人建议不要 parenting qt widget to max main window ,不过还是有人尝试了很多方法,autodesk 官方 也给出了 pyqt4 的方式,链接:https://area.autodesk.com/blogs/chris/pyqt-ui-in-3ds-max-2014-extension,我使用的是pyside,所以没有验证过,也有人把这种方式改为 pyside ,有兴趣的可以试试。
一种比较理想的代替方式:
下面是在:Https://GitHub.com/alfalfasprossen/qtinwin 上找到的代码,下载后有以下文件:
在这里只关注 maxparenting.py 和 maxparenting_example.py,在MAXScript Listener中运行 python.ExecuteFile @"maxparenting_example.py",这是以owner的方式来实现的,具体描述请看代码里面的注释。
下面附上代码:
"""This is a quite well working experiment of setting the **owner**
(not the **parent**) of the qt widget to be the 3dsMax main window.
Effectively the qt widget will behave like a natively spawned window,
with correct z-order behaviour concerning its sibling windows.
"""
import ctypes
from PySide import QtGui
from PySide import QtCore
import MaxPlus
GWL_HWNDPARENT = -8
SetWindowLongPtr = ctypes.windll.user32.SetWindowLongPtrW
class FocusFilter(QtCore.QObject):
def eventFilter(self, obj, event):
# TODO: fix focus filter not releasing on defocus
MaxPlus.CUI.DisableAccelerators()
return False
class MaxWidget(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self, title):
super(MaxWidget, self).__init__(None)
self.parent_hwnd = MaxPlus.Win32.GetMAXHWnd()
self.hwnd = self.get_hwnd()
self._parent_to_main_window()
self.show()
app = QtGui.QApplication.instance()
self._focus_filter = FocusFilter()
self.event_filter = app.installEventFilter(self._focus_filter)
def get_hwnd(self):
"""Get the HWND window handle from this QtWidget."""
ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.argtypes = [ctypes.py_object]
wdgt_ptr = ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(self.winId())
return wdgt_ptr
def _parent_to_main_window(self):
""" Parent the widget to the 3dsMax main window.
Technically this is NOT setting the **parent** of the window,
but the **owner**.
There is a huge difference, that is hardly documented in the
win32 API.
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms644898(v=vs.85).aspx # noqa
Setting the parent would make this a child or mdi-
child window. Setting the owner, makes this a top-level,
overlapped window that is controlled by the main window, but
not confined to its client area.
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/133122/
"""
SetWindowLongPtr(self.hwnd, GWL_HWNDPARENT, self.parent_hwnd)
def closeEvent(self, event):
app = QtGui.QApplication.instance()
app.removeEventFilter(self.event_filter)
event.accept()
from PySide import QtGui
import maxparenting
reload(maxparenting)
class ExampleWidget(maxparenting.MaxWidget):
"""This is a test that ui interaction works correctly with a more
or less complex ui.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(ExampleWidget, self).__init__("Example Widget")
self.build_ui()
self.connect_ui()
def build_ui(self):
self.setLayout(QtGui.QVBoxLayout())
self.label = QtGui.QLabel("some label")
self.btn = QtGui.QPushButton("button")
self.lineedit = QtGui.QLineEdit()
self.textedit = QtGui.QTextEdit()
self.grp = QtGui.QGroupBox("group box grid layout")
self.grp.setLayout(QtGui.QGridLayout())
self.chkbx_1 = QtGui.QCheckBox("chkbx_1")
self.chkbx_2 = QtGui.QCheckBox("chkbx_2l")
self.chkbx_2.setDisabled(True)
self.chkbx_3 = QtGui.QCheckBox("chkbx_2r")
self.chkbx_4 = QtGui.QCheckBox("chkbx_3")
self.chkbx_5 = QtGui.QCheckBox("chkbx_4")
self.grp.layout().addWidget(self.chkbx_1, 0, 0)
self.grp.layout().addWidget(self.chkbx_2, 1, 0)
self.grp.layout().addWidget(self.chkbx_3, 1, 1)
self.grp.layout().addWidget(self.chkbx_4, 2, 0)
self.grp.layout().addWidget(self.chkbx_5, 3, 0)
self.grp.layout().setColumnStretch(2,1)
self.lrbox = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
self.lrbox.addWidget(self.textedit)
self.lrbox.addWidget(self.grp)
self.layout().addWidget(self.label)
self.layout().addWidget(self.btn)
self.layout().addWidget(self.lineedit)
self.layout().addLayout(self.lrbox)
def connect_ui(self):
self.btn.clicked.connect(self.on_btn_clicked)
def on_btn_clicked(self):
print "btn clicked"
global qtwdgt
qtwdgt = ExampleWidget()
其它.py文件有兴趣的可以自己尝试。
3dsmax2016:
在2016中,终于做出了修正,在模块 MaxPlus 中增加了AttachQWidgetToMax(),不过这只是一种简单的指定方式,我们还是没办法获得 Max main window 的QT对象,没办法以继承 QtGui.QWidget 来指定parent,but, it's not a bid deal。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
在MAXScript Listener中运行 python.ExecuteFile @"[Path]\maxPyGui.py"
[Path]改为 maxPyGui.py 所在的路径
"""
from PySide import QtGui
from PySide import shiboken
import MaxPlus
class _GCProtector(object):
widgets = []
app = QtGui.QApplication.instance()
if not app:
app = QtGui.QApplication([])
def main():
MaxPlus.FileManager.Reset(True)
w = QtGui.QWidget()
w.resize(250, 100)
w.setWindowTitle('Window')
_GCProtector.widgets.append(w)
main_layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
label = QtGui.QLineEdit()
main_layout.addWidget(label)
cylinder_btn = QtGui.QPushButton("test")
main_layout.addWidget(cylinder_btn)
w.setLayout(main_layout)
"""这是会报错的方式
maxWinHwd = MaxPlus.Core.GetWindowHandle()
parent = shiboken.wrapInstance(long(maxWinHwd), QtGui.QWidget)
w.setParent(parent)#报错在这里,如果你的窗口继承了QtGui.QWidget,parent = parent 也会报错,如果想正常运行,请注释这行
"""
#Max2016的修正方式
MaxPlus.AttachQWidgetToMax(w)
"""不太好的方式
hwnd = w.winId()
import ctypes
ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.argtypes = [ctypes.py_object]
int_hwnd = ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(hwnd)
MaxPlus.Win32_Set3dsMaxAsParentWindow(int_hwnd)
"""
w.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
3dsmax2017:
所以,在2017中,为了解决2016的问题,在 MaxPlus 中增加了GetQMaxWindow(),这个方法直接返回 Max main window 的 PySide.QtGui.QWidget object:
"""
在MAXScript Listener中运行 python.ExecuteFile @"[Path]\maxPyGui.py"
[Path]改为 maxPyGui.py 所在的路径
"""
from PySide import QtGui
from PySide import shiboken
import MaxPlus
class _GCProtector(object):
widgets = []
app = QtGui.QApplication.instance()
if not app:
app = QtGui.QApplication([])
def main():
MaxPlus.FileManager.Reset(True)
w = QtGui.QWidget()
w.resize(250, 100)
w.setWindowTitle('Window')
_GCProtector.widgets.append(w)
main_layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
label = QtGui.QLineEdit()
main_layout.addWidget(label)
cylinder_btn = QtGui.QPushButton(u"我们")
main_layout.addWidget(cylinder_btn)
w.setLayout(main_layout)
#Max2017的改进方式
parent = MaxPlus.GetQMaxWindow()
w.setParent(parent)#上面返回的parent直接是PySide.QtGui.QWidget object,可以不通过wrapping,直接设置为父窗口
"""这是会报错的方式
maxWinHwd = MaxPlus.Core.GetWindowHandle()
parent = shiboken.wrapInstance(long(maxWinHwd), QtGui.QWidget)
w.setParent(parent)#报错在这里,如果你的窗口继承了QtGui.QWidget,parent = parent 也会报错,如果想正常运行,请注释这行
"""
"""Max2016的修正方式
MaxPlus.AttachQWidgetToMax(w)
"""
"""不太好的方式
hwnd = w.winId()
import ctypes
ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr.argtypes = [ctypes.py_object]
int_hwnd = ctypes.pythonapi.PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(hwnd)
MaxPlus.Win32_Set3dsMaxAsParentWindow(int_hwnd)
"""
w.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
3dsmax2018 (PySide2):
在2018中,去掉了 MaxPlus 中的GetQMaxWindow(),所以没办法直接获得 Max main window 的 PySide.QtGui.QWidget object,但是增加了QtHelpers 类,里面有静态方法GetQmaxMainWindow() 获得 maxMainWindow 的指针,然后我们可以通过传统方式来进行转换:
maxWinHwd = MaxPlus.QtHelpers.GetQmaxMainWindow()
parent = shiboken2.wrapInstance(long(maxWinHwd), QtGui.QWidget)
例子代码在这里就不提供了,只是要注意的是2018开始,集成的是PySide2,所以要用shiboken2,而且 shiboken2 是在 PySide2 下的一个模块,所以导入方式为(和Maya的不一样):
from PySide2 import shiboken2
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