Java ThreadLocal的详细解释

package test;
public class ThreadLocalTest {
    static ThreadLocal<String> localVar = new ThreadLocal<>();
    static void print(String str) {
        //打印当前线程中本地内存中本地变量的值
        System.out.println(str + " :" + localVar.get());
        //清除本地内存中的本地变量
        localVar.remove();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread t1  = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                //设置线程1中本地变量的值
                localVar.set("localVar1");
                //调用打印方法
                print("thread1");
                //打印本地变量
                System.out.println("after remove : " + localVar.get());
            }
        });
        Thread t2  = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                //设置线程1中本地变量的值
                localVar.set("localVar2");
                //调用打印方法
                print("thread2");
                //打印本地变量
                System.out.println("after remove : " + localVar.get());
            }
        });
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }
}

public void set(T value) {
    //(1)获取当前线程（调用者线程）
    Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
    //(2)以当前线程作为key值，去查找对应的线程变量，找到对应的map
    ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
    //(3)如果map不为null，就直接添加本地变量，key为当前定义的ThreadLocal变量的this引用，值为添加的本地变量值
    if (map != null)
        map.set(this, value);
    //(4)如果map为null，说明首次添加，需要首先创建出对应的map
    else
        createMap(t, value);
}

ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
    return t.threadLocals; //获取线程自己的变量threadLocals，并绑定到当前调用线程的成员变量threadLocals上
}

void createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) {
t.threadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);
 }

public T get() {
    //(1)获取当前线程
    Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
    //(2)获取当前线程的threadLocals变量
    ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
    //(3)如果threadLocals变量不为null，就可以在map中查找到本地变量的值
    if (map != null) {
        ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
        if (e != null) {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            T result = (T)e.value;
            return result;
        }
    }
    //(4)执行到此处，threadLocals为null，调用该更改初始化当前线程的threadLocals变量
    return setInitialValue();
}
private T setInitialValue() {
    //protected T initialValue() {return null;}
    T value = initialValue();
    //获取当前线程
    Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
    //以当前线程作为key值，去查找对应的线程变量，找到对应的map
    ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
    //如果map不为null，就直接添加本地变量，key为当前线程，值为添加的本地变量值
    if (map != null)
        map.set(this, value);
    //如果map为null，说明首次添加，需要首先创建出对应的map
    else
        createMap(t, value);
    return value;
}

public void remove() {
    //获取当前线程绑定的threadLocals
     ThreadLocalMap m = getMap(Thread.currentThread());
     //如果map不为null，就移除当前线程中指定ThreadLocal实例的本地变量
     if (m != null)
         m.remove(this);
 }

package test;
public class ThreadLocalTest2 {
    //(1)创建ThreadLocal变量
    public static ThreadLocal<String> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //在main线程中添加main线程的本地变量
        threadLocal.set("mainVal");
        //新创建一个子线程
        Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("子线程中的本地变量值:"+threadLocal.get());
            }
        });
        thread.start();
        //输出main线程中的本地变量值
        System.out.println("mainx线程中的本地变量值:"+threadLocal.get());
    }
}

public class InheritableThreadLocal<T> extends ThreadLocal<T> {
    protected T childValue(T parentValue) {
        return parentValue;
    }
    ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
       return t.inheritableThreadLocals;
    }
    void createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) {
        t.inheritableThreadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);
    }
}

private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name,
                  long stackSize) {
    init(g, target, name, stackSize, null, true);
}
private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name,
                  long stackSize, AccessControlContext acc,
                  boolean inheritThreadLocals) {
    //判断名字的合法性
    if (name == null) {
        throw new NullPointerException("name cannot be null");
    }
    this.name = name;
    //(1)获取当前线程(父线程)
    Thread parent = currentThread();
    //安全校验
    SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
    if (g == null) { //g:当前线程组
        if (security != null) {
            g = security.getThreadGroup();
        }
        if (g == null) {
            g = parent.getThreadGroup();
        }
    }
    g.checkAccess();
    if (security != null) {
        if (isCCLOverridden(getClass())) {
            security.checkPermission(SUBCLASS_IMPLEMENTATION_PERMISSION);
        }
    }
    g.addUnstarted();
    this.group = g; //设置为当前线程组
    this.daemon = parent.isDaemon();//守护线程与否(同父线程)
    this.priority = parent.getPriority();//优先级同父线程
    if (security == null || isCCLOverridden(parent.getClass()))
        this.contextClassLoader = parent.getContextClassLoader();
    else
        this.contextClassLoader = parent.contextClassLoader;
    this.inheritedAccessControlContext =
            acc != null ? acc : AccessController.getContext();
    this.target = target;
    setPriority(priority);
    //(2)如果父线程的inheritableThreadLocal不为null
    if (inheritThreadLocals && parent.inheritableThreadLocals != null)
        //（3）设置子线程中的inheritableThreadLocals为父线程的inheritableThreadLocals
        this.inheritableThreadLocals =
            ThreadLocal.createInheritedMap(parent.inheritableThreadLocals);
    this.stackSize = stackSize;
    tid = nextThreadID();
}

static ThreadLocalMap createInheritedMap(ThreadLocalMap parentMap) {
    return new ThreadLocalMap(parentMap);
}
private ThreadLocalMap(ThreadLocalMap parentMap) {
    Entry[] parentTable = parentMap.table;
    int len = parentTable.length;
    setThreshold(len);
    table = new Entry[len];
    for (int j = 0; j < len; j++) {
        Entry e = parentTable[j];
        if (e != null) {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            ThreadLocal<Object> key = (ThreadLocal<Object>) e.get();
            if (key != null) {
                //调用重写的方法
                Object value = key.childValue(e.value);
                Entry c = new Entry(key, value);
                int h = key.threadLocalHashCode & (len - 1);
                while (table[h] != null)
                    h = nextIndex(h, len);
                table[h] = c;
                size++;
            }
        }
    }
}

static class Entry extends WeakReference<ThreadLocal<?>> {
    
    Object value;
    //k：ThreadLocal的引用，被传递给WeakReference的构造方法
    Entry(ThreadLocal<?> k, Object v) {
        super(k);
        value = v;
    }
}
//WeakReference构造方法(public class WeakReference<T> extends Reference<T> )
public WeakReference(T referent) {
    super(referent); //referent：ThreadLocal的引用
}
//Reference构造方法
Reference(T referent) {
    this(referent, null);//referent：ThreadLocal的引用
}
Reference(T referent, ReferenceQueue<? super T> queue) {
    this.referent = referent;
    this.queue = (queue == null) ? ReferenceQueue.NULL : queue;
}