python模块与C和C++动态库相互调用实现过程示例

# include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
int foof(int a,  int b){
    printf("you input %d and %d",a,b);
    return a+b;
}

# include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
int foof(int a,  int b){
    printf("you input %d and %d",a,b);
    return a+b;
}

import ctypes
ll = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary
lib = ll("Cfoo.so")
lib.foof(1,3)

#include <Python.h> 
int Add(int x, int y) 
{ 
    return x + y; 
}   
int Del(int x, int y) 
{ 
    return x - y; 
}   
PyObject* WrappAdd(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) 
{ 
    int x, y; 
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii", &x, &y)) 
    { 
        return NULL; 
    } 
    return Py_BuildValue("i", Add(x, y)); 
}   
PyObject* WrappDel(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) 
{ 
    int x, y; 
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii", &x, &y)) 
    { 
        return NULL; 
    } 
    return Py_BuildValue("i", Del(x, y)); 
} 
static PyMethodDef test_methods[] = { 
    {"Add", WrappAdd, METH_VARARGS, "something"}, 
    {"Del", WrappDel, METH_VARARGS, "something"}, 
    {NULL, NULL} 
};  
extern "C"
void inittest1() 
{ 
    Py_InitModule("test1", test_methods);    
}

g++ -fPIC -shared test1.cpp -I/usr/include/python2.7 -o test1.so 

>>> import test1 
>>> test1.Add(1,2) 
3 

#include <boost/python/module.hpp> 
#include <boost/python/def.hpp> 
using namespace boost::python;  
int Add(const int x, const int y) 
{ 
    return x + y; 
} 
  
int Del(const int x, const int y) 
{ 
    return x - y; 
}  
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(test2) 
{ 
    def("Add", Add); 
    def("Del", Del); 
}

g++ test2.cpp -fPIC -shared -o test2.so -I/usr/include/python2.7 -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_python 

#!/usr/bin/env python 
from distutils.core import setup 
from distutils.extension import Extension   
setup(name="PackageName", 
 ext_modules=[ 
  Extension("test2", ["test2.cpp"], 
  libraries = ["boost_python"]) 
 ])

python setup.py build 

>>> import test2 
>>> test2.Add(1,2) 
3
>>> test2.Del(1,2) 
-1 

#include <boost/python.hpp> 
using namespace boost::python;   
class Test 
{ 
    public: 
        int Add(const int x, const int y) 
        { 
            return x + y; 
        } 
 
        int Del(const int x, const int y) 
        { 
            return x - y; 
        } 
};   
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(test3) 
{ 
    class_<Test>("Test") 
        .def("Add", &Test::Add) 
        .def("Del", &Test::Del); 
}

class_<Test>("Test").def("Add", &Test::Add); 
class_<Test>("Test").def("Del", &Test::Del); 

g++ test3.cpp -fPIC -shared -o test3.so -I/usr/include/python2.7 -I/usr/local/include/boost -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_python 

>>> import test3 
>>> test = test3.Test() 
>>> test.Add(1,2) 
3
>>> test.Del(1,2) 
-1 

#include <boost/python.hpp> 
using namespace boost::python; 
  
class Test 
{ 
    public: 
        int Add(const int x, const int y, const int z = 100) 
        { 
        return x + y + z; 
        } 
}; 
  
int Del(const int x, const int y, const int z = 100) 
{ 
    return x - y - z; 
} 
  
BOOST_PYTHON_MEMBER_FUNCTION_OVERLOADS(Add_member_overloads, Add, 2, 3) 
BOOST_PYTHON_FUNCTION_OVERLOADS(Del_overloads, Del, 2, 3) 
  
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(test4) 
{ 
    class_<Test>("Test") 
        .def("Add", &Test::Add, Add_member_overloads(args("x", "y", "z"), "something")); 
    def("Del", Del, Del_overloads(args("x", "y", "z"), "something")); 
    }

g++ test4.cpp -fPIC -shared -o test4.so -I/usr/include/python2.7 -I/usr/local/include/boost -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_python 

>>> import test4 
>>> test = test4.Test() 
>>> print test.Add(1,2) 
103
>>> print test.Add(1,2,z=3) 
6
>>> print test4.Del(1,2) 
-1
>>> print test4.Del(1,2,z=3) 
-1

def Square(list_a) 
{ 
    return [x * x for x in list_a] 
}
``
`
即对传入的list每个元素计算平方，返回list类型的结果，代码如下：

```cpp
#include <boost/python.hpp> 
  
boost::python::list Square(boost::python::list& data) 
{ 
    boost::python::list ret; 
    for (int i = 0; i < len(data); ++i) 
    { 
        ret.append(data[i] * data[i]); 
    } 
 
    return ret; 
} 
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(test5) 
{ 
    def("Square", Square);  
}

g++ test5.cpp -fPIC -shared -o test5.so -I/usr/include/python2.7 -I/usr/local/include/boost -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_python 

>>> import test5 
>>> test5.Square([1,2,3]) 
[1, 4, 9] 

boost::python::tuple(int a, int b, int c) 
{  
    return boost::python::make_tuple(a, b, c); 
}