一文弄懂JavaScript的继承方式

function SuperType(name) {
  this.name = name
  this.sayName = function () {
      console.log(this.name);
  }
}
function SubType(name, age) {
  //  继承 SuperType 并传参
  SuperType.call(this, name);
  //实例属性
  this.age = age
}
let instance1 = new SubType('zxc', 2)
let instance2 = new SuperType('gyx')
// instance1.sayHi() // ?类也不能访问父类原型上定义的方法，因此所有类型只能使用构造函数模式
console.log(instance1);  // SubType { name: 'zxc', sayName: [Function (anonymous)], age: 2 }

function SuperType(name) {
    this.name = name
    this.colors = ['red', 'blue', 'green']
}
SuperType.prototype.sayName = function () {
    console.log(this.name);
}
function SubType(name, age) {
    //继承实例属性
    SuperType.call(this, name)
    this.age = age
}
//继承原型方法
SubType.prototype = new SuperType() 
SubType.prototype.sayAge = function () {
    console.log(this.age);
}
let instance1 = new SubType('zxc', '22')
instance1.sayName()  //zxc
instance1.sayAge()   // 22
let instance2 = new SubType("Greg", 27);
console.log(instance2.colors); // "red,blue,green"
instance2.sayName(); // "Greg";
instance2.sayAge(); // 27

let person = {
   name: "Nicholas",
   age: 12,
   friends: ["Shelby", "Court", "Van"]
};
let anotherPerson1 = Object.create(person);
anotherPerson1.name = 'lll'  
anotherPerson1.friends.push('zxc') 
console.log(anotherPerson1);   // { name: 'lll' }
console.log(person.friends); //[ 'Shelby', 'Court', 'Van', 'zxc' ]

let anotherPerson = Object.create(person, {
    name: {
        value: "Greg"
    }
});
console.log(anotherPerson.name); // "Greg"

function createAnother(original) {
    //通过调用函数创建一个对象
    let clone = Object(original)
    clone.sayHi = function () { // 以某种方式增强这个对象
        console.log("hi");
    };
    clone.sayName = function () { // 以某种方式增强这个对象
        console.log(this.name);
    };
    return clone; // 返回这个对象
}
let person = {
    name: "Nicholas",
    friends: ["Shelby", "Court", "Van"]
};
let anotherPerson = createAnother(person);
anotherPerson.sayHi(); // "hi"
anotherPerson.sayName(); // "hi"

function SuperType(name) {
    this.name = name
    this.colors = ['red', 'blue']
}
SuperType.prototype.sayName = function () {
    console.log(this.name)
}
function SubType(name, age) {
    SuperType.call(this, name); // 第二次调用 SuperType()
    this.age = age;
}
SubType.prototype = new SuperType(); // 第一次调用 SuperType()
SubType.prototype.constructor = SubType;
SubType.prototype.sayAge = function () {
    console.log(this.age);
};
let instance1 = new SubType('zxc', 12)
console.log(instance1);

function inheritPrototype(subType, superType) {
    let prototype = object(superType.prototype); // 创建对象
    prototype.constructor = subType; // 增强对象
    subType.prototype = prototype; // 赋值对象
}

function SuperType(name) {
    this.name = name;
    this.colors = ["red", "blue", "green"];
}
SuperType.prototype.sayName = function () {
    console.log(this.name);
}
function SubType(name, age) {
    SuperType.call(this, name)
    this.age = age;
}
inheritPrototype(SubType, SuperType);
SubType.prototype.sayAge = function () {
    console.log(this.age);
};