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目录Maven依赖注解使用开启Retry功能注解@Retryable注解@Recover注解@CircuitBreakerRetryTemplateRetryTemplate配置使用
spring Retry提供了自动重新调用失败的操作的功能。这在错误可能是暂时的（例如瞬时网络故障）的情况下很有用。 从2.2.0版本开始，重试功能已从Spring Batch中撤出，成为一个独立的新库：Spring Retry
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- also need to add Spring aop into our project-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
在启动类中使用@EnableRetry注解
package org.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.retry.annotation.EnableRetry;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableRetry
public class RetryApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(RetryApp.class, args);
}
}@Retryable需要在重试的代码中加入重试注解@Retryable
package org.example;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.retry.annotation.Backoff;
import org.springframework.retry.annotation.Recover;
import org.springframework.retry.annotation.Retryable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class RetryService {
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class)
public void service1() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException("manual exception");
}
}默认情况下，会重试3次，间隔1秒
我们可以从注解@Retryable中看到
@Target({ ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Retryable {
String interceptor() default "";
Class<? extends Throwable>[] value() default {};
Class<? extends Throwable>[] include() default {};
Class<? extends Throwable>[] exclude() default {};
String label() default "";
boolean stateful() default false;
int maxAttempts() default 3; //默认重试次数3次
String maxAttemptsExpression() default "";
Backoff backoff() default @Backoff(); //默认的重试中的退避策略
String exceptionExpression() default "";
String[] listeners() default {};
}
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Backoff {
long value() default 1000; //默认的重试间隔1秒
long delay() default 0;
long maxDelay() default 0;
double multiplier() default 0;
String delayExpression() default "";
String maxDelayExpression() default "";
String multiplierExpression() default "";
boolean random() default false;
}我们来运行测试代码
package org.example;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class RetryServiceTest {
@Autowired
private RetryService retryService;
@Test
void testService1() throws IllegalAccessException {
retryService.service1();
}
}运行结果如下：
2021-01-05 19:40:41.221 INFO 3548 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-05T19:40:41.221763300
2021-01-05 19:40:42.224 INFO 3548 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-05T19:40:42.224436500
2021-01-05 19:40:43.225 INFO 3548 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-05T19:40:43.225189300
java.lang.IllegalAccessException: manual exception
at org.example.RetryService.service1(RetryService.java:19)
at org.example.RetryService$$FastClassBySprinGCGLIB$$c0995ddb.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:218)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:769)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:747)
at org.springframework.retry.interceptor.RetryOperationsInterceptor$1.doWithRetry(RetryOperationsInterceptor.java:91)
at org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.doExecute(RetryTemplate.java:287)
at org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.execute(RetryTemplate.java:164)
at org.springframework.retry.interceptor.RetryOperationsInterceptor.invoke(RetryOperationsInterceptor.java:118)
at org.springframework.retry.annotation.AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor.invoke(AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor.java:153)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:747)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:689)
at org.example.RetryService$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$499afa1d.service1(<generated>)
at org.example.RetryServiceTest.testService1(RetryServiceTest.java:16)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.platfORM.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:675)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:125)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:132)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:124)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:74)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:104)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:62)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:43)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:35)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$6(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:202)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:198)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:135)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:69)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.nodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:229)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:197)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:211)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:191)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:128)
at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5ideaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:71)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:220)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:53)
可以看到重新执行了3次service1()方法，然后间隔是1秒，然后最后还是重试失败，所以抛出了异常
既然我们看到了注解@Retryable中有这么多参数可以设置，那我们就来介绍几个常用的配置。
@Retryable(include = IllegalAccessException.class, maxAttempts = 5)
public void service2() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException("manual exception");
}
首先是maxAttempts，用于设置重试次数
2021-01-06 09:30:11.263 INFO 15612 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T09:30:11.263621900
2021-01-06 09:30:12.265 INFO 15612 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T09:30:12.265629100
2021-01-06 09:30:13.265 INFO 15612 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T09:30:13.265701
2021-01-06 09:30:14.266 INFO 15612 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T09:30:14.266705400
2021-01-06 09:30:15.266 INFO 15612 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T09:30:15.266733200java.lang.IllegalAccessException: manual exception
....
从运行结果可以看到，方法执行了5次。
下面来介绍maxAttemptsExpression的设置
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class, maxAttemptsExpression = "${maxAttempts}")
public void service3() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException("manual exception");
}maxAttemptsExpression则可以使用表达式，比如上述就是通过获取配置中maxAttempts的值，我们可以在application.yml设置。上述其实省略掉了SpEL表达式#{....}，运行结果的话可以发现方法执行了4次..
maxAttempts: 4
我们可以使用SpEL表达式
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class, maxAttemptsExpression = "#{1+1}")
public void service3_1() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException("manual exception");
}
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class, maxAttemptsExpression = "#{${maxAttempts}}")//效果和上面的一样
public void service3_2() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException("manual exception");
}
接着我们下面来看看exceptionExpression, 一样也是写SpEL表达式
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class, exceptionExpression = "message.contains('test')")
public void service4(String exceptionMessage) throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException(exceptionMessage);
}
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class, exceptionExpression = "#{message.contains('test')}")
public void service4_3(String exceptionMessage) throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException(exceptionMessage);
}
上面的表达式exceptionExpression = "message.contains('test')"的作用其实是获取到抛出来exception的message(调用了getMessage()方法)，然后判断message的内容里面是否包含了test字符串，如果包含的话就会执行重试。所以如果调用方法的时候传入的参数exceptionMessage中包含了test字符串的话就会执行重试。
但这里值得注意的是, Spring Retry 1.2.5之后exceptionExpression是可以省略掉#{...}
Since Spring Retry 1.2.5, for
exceptionExpression, templated expressions (#{...}) are deprecated in favor of simple expression strings (message.contains('this can be retried')).
使用1.2.5之后的版本运行是没有问题的
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
但是如果使用1.2.5版本之前包括1.2.5版本的话，运行的时候会报错如下：
2021-01-06 09:52:45.209 INFO 23220 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T09:52:45.209178200
org.springframework.expression.spel.SpelEvaluationException: EL1001E: Type conversion problem, cannot convert from java.lang.String to java.lang.Boolean
at org.springframework.expression.spel.support.StandardTypeConverter.convertValue(StandardTypeConverter.java:75)
at org.springframework.expression.common.ExpressionUtils.convertTypedValue(ExpressionUtils.java:57)
at org.springframework.expression.common.LiteralExpression.getValue(LiteralExpression.java:106)
at org.springframework.retry.policy.ExpressionRetryPolicy.canRetry(ExpressionRetryPolicy.java:113)
at org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.canRetry(RetryTemplate.java:375)
at org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.doExecute(RetryTemplate.java:304)
at org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.execute(RetryTemplate.java:164)
at org.springframework.retry.interceptor.RetryOperationsInterceptor.invoke(RetryOperationsInterceptor.java:118)
at org.springframework.retry.annotation.AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor.invoke(AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor.java:153)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:749)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:691)
at org.example.RetryService$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$d321a75e.service4(<generated>)
at org.example.RetryServiceTest.testService4_2(RetryServiceTest.java:46)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:686)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:64)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:45)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:37)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$6(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:212)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:208)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:137)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:71)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:248)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$5(DefaultLauncher.java:211)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:226)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:199)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:132)
at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:71)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:220)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:53)
Caused by: org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionFailedException: Failed to convert from type [java.lang.String] to type [java.lang.Boolean] for value 'message.contains('test')'; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Invalid boolean value 'message.contains('test')'
at org.springframework.core.convert.support.ConversionUtils.invokeConverter(ConversionUtils.java:47)
at org.springframework.core.convert.support.GenericConversionService.convert(GenericConversionService.java:191)
at org.springframework.expression.spel.support.StandardTypeConverter.convertValue(StandardTypeConverter.java:70)
... 76 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Invalid boolean value 'message.contains('test')'
at org.springframework.core.convert.support.StringToBooleanConverter.convert(StringToBooleanConverter.java:63)
at org.springframework.core.convert.support.StringToBooleanConverter.convert(StringToBooleanConverter.java:31)
at org.springframework.core.convert.support.GenericConversionService$ConverterAdapter.convert(GenericConversionService.java:385)
at org.springframework.core.convert.support.ConversionUtils.invokeConverter(ConversionUtils.java:41)
... 78 more
还可以在表达式中执行一个方法，前提是方法的类在spring容器中注册了，@retryService其实就是获取bean name为retryService的bean，然后调用里面的checkException方法，传入的参数为#root，它其实就是抛出来的exception对象。一样的也是可以省略#{...}
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class, exceptionExpression = "#{@retryService.checkException(#root)}")
public void service5(String exceptionMessage) throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException(exceptionMessage);
}
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class, exceptionExpression = "@retryService.checkException(#root)")
public void service5_1(String exceptionMessage) throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException(exceptionMessage);
}
public boolean checkException(Exception e) {
log.error("error message:{}", e.getMessage());
return true; //返回true的话表明会执行重试，如果返回false则不会执行重试
}运行结果：
2021-01-06 13:33:52.913 INFO 23052 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T13:33:52.913404
2021-01-06 13:33:52.981 ERROR 23052 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : error message:test message
2021-01-06 13:33:53.990 ERROR 23052 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : error message:test message
2021-01-06 13:33:53.990 INFO 23052 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T13:33:53.990947400
2021-01-06 13:33:53.990 ERROR 23052 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : error message:test message
2021-01-06 13:33:54.992 ERROR 23052 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : error message:test message
2021-01-06 13:33:54.992 INFO 23052 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T13:33:54.992342900
当然还有更多表达式的用法了...
@Retryable(exceptionExpression = "#{#root instanceof T(java.lang.IllegalAccessException)}") //判断exception的类型
public void service5_2(String exceptionMessage) {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new NullPointerException(exceptionMessage);
}
@Retryable(exceptionExpression = "#root instanceof T(java.lang.IllegalAccessException)")
public void service5_3(String exceptionMessage) {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new NullPointerException(exceptionMessage);
}
@Retryable(exceptionExpression = "myMessage.contains('test')") //查看自定义的MyException中的myMessage的值是否包含test字符串
public void service5_4(String exceptionMessage) throws MyException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new MyException(exceptionMessage); //自定义的exception
}
@Retryable(exceptionExpression = "#root.myMessage.contains('test')") //和上面service5_4方法的效果一样
public void service5_5(String exceptionMessage) throws MyException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new MyException(exceptionMessage);
}
package org.example;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
@Getter
@Setter
public class MyException extends Exception {
private String myMessage;
public MyException(String myMessage) {
this.myMessage = myMessage;
}
}下面再来看看另一个配置exclude
@Retryable(exclude = MyException.class)
public void service6(String exceptionMessage) throws MyException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new MyException(exceptionMessage);
}这个exclude属性可以帮我们排除一些我们不想重试的异常
最后我们来看看这个backoff 重试等待策略, 默认使用@Backoff注解。
我们先来看看这个@Backoff的value属性,用于设置重试间隔
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class,
backoff = @Backoff(value = 2000))
public void service7() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException();
}运行结果可以看出来重试的间隔为2秒
2021-01-06 14:47:38.036 INFO 21116 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T14:47:38.036732600
2021-01-06 14:47:40.038 INFO 21116 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T14:47:40.037753600
2021-01-06 14:47:42.046 INFO 21116 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T14:47:42.046642900java.lang.IllegalAccessException
at org.example.RetryService.service7(RetryService.java:113)
...
接下来介绍@Backoff的delay属性，它与value属性不能共存，当delay不设置的时候会去读value属性设置的值，如果delay设置的话则会忽略value属性
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class,
backoff = @Backoff(value = 2000,delay = 500))
public void service8() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException();
}
运行结果可以看出，重试的时间间隔为500ms
2021-01-06 15:22:42.271 INFO 13512 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T15:22:42.271504800
2021-01-06 15:22:42.772 INFO 13512 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T15:22:42.772234900
2021-01-06 15:22:43.273 INFO 13512 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T15:22:43.273246700java.lang.IllegalAccessException
at org.example.RetryService.service8(RetryService.java:121)
接下来我们来看``@Backoff的multiplier`的属性, 指定延迟倍数, 默认为0。
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class,maxAttempts = 4,
backoff = @Backoff(delay = 2000, multiplier = 2))
public void service9() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException();
}
multiplier设置为2，则表示第一次重试间隔为2s，第二次为4秒，第三次为8s
运行结果如下：
2021-01-06 15:58:07.458 INFO 23640 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T15:58:07.458245500
2021-01-06 15:58:09.478 INFO 23640 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T15:58:09.478681300
2021-01-06 15:58:13.478 INFO 23640 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T15:58:13.478921900
2021-01-06 15:58:21.489 INFO 23640 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T15:58:21.489240600java.lang.IllegalAccessException
at org.example.RetryService.service9(RetryService.java:128)
...
接下来我们来看看这个@Backoff的maxDelay属性,设置最大的重试间隔，当超过这个最大的重试间隔的时候，重试的间隔就等于maxDelay的值
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class,maxAttempts = 4,
backoff = @Backoff(delay = 2000, multiplier = 2,maxDelay = 5000))
public void service10() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException();
}
运行结果：
2021-01-06 16:12:37.377 INFO 5024 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T16:12:37.377616100
2021-01-06 16:12:39.381 INFO 5024 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T16:12:39.381299400
2021-01-06 16:12:43.382 INFO 5024 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T16:12:43.382169500
2021-01-06 16:12:48.396 INFO 5024 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : do something... 2021-01-06T16:12:48.396327600java.lang.IllegalAccessException
at org.example.RetryService.service10(RetryService.java:135)
可以最后的最大重试间隔是5秒
@Recover当@Retryable方法重试失败之后，最后就会调用@Recover方法。用于@Retryable失败时的“兜底”处理方法。 @Recover的方法必须要与@Retryable注解的方法保持一致，第一入参为要重试的异常，其他参数与@Retryable保持一致，返回值也要一样，否则无法执行！
@Retryable(value = IllegalAccessException.class)
public void service11() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
throw new IllegalAccessException();
}
@Recover
public void recover11(IllegalAccessException e) {
log.info("service retry after Recover => {}", e.getMessage());
}
//=========================
@Retryable(value = ArithmeticException.class)
public int service12() throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {}", LocalDateTime.now());
return 1 / 0;
}
@Recover
public int recover12(ArithmeticException e) {
log.info("service retry after Recover => {}", e.getMessage());
return 0;
}
//=========================
@Retryable(value = ArithmeticException.class)
public int service13(String message) throws IllegalAccessException {
log.info("do something... {},{}", message, LocalDateTime.now());
return 1 / 0;
}
@Recover
public int recover13(ArithmeticException e, String message) {
log.info("{},service retry after Recover => {}", message, e.getMessage());
return 0;
}
@CircuitBreaker熔断模式：指在具体的重试机制下失败后打开断路器，过了一段时间，断路器进入半开状态，允许一个进入重试，若失败再次进入断路器，成功则关闭断路器，注解为
@CircuitBreaker,具体包括熔断打开时间、重置过期时间
// openTimeout时间范围内失败maxAttempts次数后，熔断打开resetTimeout时长
@CircuitBreaker(openTimeout = 1000, resetTimeout = 3000, value = NullPointerException.class)
public void circuitBreaker(int num) {
log.info(" 进入断路器方法num={}", num);
if (num > 8) return;
Integer n = null;
System.err.println(1 / n);
}
@Recover
public void recover(NullPointerException e) {
log.info("service retry after Recover => {}", e.getMessage());
}
测试方法
@Test
public void testCircuitBreaker() throws InterruptedException {
System.err.println("尝试进入断路器方法，并触发异常...");
retryService.circuitBreaker(1);
retryService.circuitBreaker(1);
retryService.circuitBreaker(9);
retryService.circuitBreaker(9);
System.err.println("在openTimeout 1秒之内重试次数为2次，未达到触发熔断, 断路器依然闭合...");
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
System.err.println("超过openTimeout 1秒之后, 因为未触发熔断，所以重试次数重置，可以正常访问...,继续重试3次方法...");
retryService.circuitBreaker(1);
retryService.circuitBreaker(1);
retryService.circuitBreaker(1);
System.err.println("在openTimeout 1秒之内重试次数为3次，达到触发熔断，不会执行重试，只会执行恢复方法...");
retryService.circuitBreaker(1);
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
retryService.circuitBreaker(9);
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
System.err.println("超过resetTimeout 3秒之后，断路器重新闭合...,可以正常访问");
retryService.circuitBreaker(9);
retryService.circuitBreaker(9);
retryService.circuitBreaker(9);
retryService.circuitBreaker(9);
retryService.circuitBreaker(9);
}
运行结果：
尝试进入断路器方法，并触发异常...
2021-01-07 21:44:20.842 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=1
2021-01-07 21:44:20.844 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : service retry after Recover => null
2021-01-07 21:44:20.845 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=1
2021-01-07 21:44:20.845 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : service retry after Recover => null
2021-01-07 21:44:20.845 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=9
2021-01-07 21:44:20.845 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=9
在openTimeout 1秒之内重试次数为2次，未达到触发熔断, 断路器依然闭合...
超过openTimeout 1秒之后, 因为未触发熔断，所以重试次数重置，可以正常访问...,继续重试3次方法...
2021-01-07 21:44:21.846 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=1
2021-01-07 21:44:21.847 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : service retry after Recover => null
2021-01-07 21:44:21.847 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=1
2021-01-07 21:44:21.847 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : service retry after Recover => null
2021-01-07 21:44:21.847 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=1
2021-01-07 21:44:21.848 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : service retry after Recover => null
在openTimeout 1秒之内重试次数为3次，达到触发熔断，不会执行重试，只会执行恢复方法...
2021-01-07 21:44:21.848 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : service retry after Recover => null
2021-01-07 21:44:23.853 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : service retry after Recover => null
超过resetTimeout 3秒之后，断路器重新闭合...,可以正常访问
2021-01-07 21:44:26.853 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=9
2021-01-07 21:44:26.854 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=9
2021-01-07 21:44:26.855 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=9
2021-01-07 21:44:26.855 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=9
2021-01-07 21:44:26.856 INFO 7464 --- [ main] org.example.RetryService : 进入断路器方法num=9
package org.example;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.retry.backoff.FixedBackOffPolicy;
import org.springframework.retry.policy.SimpleRetryPolicy;
import org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate;
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public RetryTemplate retryTemplate() {
RetryTemplate retryTemplate = new RetryTemplate();
SimpleRetryPolicy retryPolicy = new SimpleRetryPolicy(); //设置重试策略
retryPolicy.setMaxAttempts(2);
retryTemplate.setRetryPolicy(retryPolicy);
FixedBackOffPolicy fixedBackOffPolicy = new FixedBackOffPolicy(); //设置退避策略
fixedBackOffPolicy.setBackOffPeriod(2000L);
retryTemplate.setBackOffPolicy(fixedBackOffPolicy);
return retryTemplate;
}
}
可以看到这些配置跟我们直接写注解的方式是差不多的，这里就不过多的介绍了。。
package org.example;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.retry.RetryCallback;
import org.springframework.retry.RetryContext;
import org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate;
@SpringBootTest
public class RetryTemplateTest {
@Autowired
private RetryTemplate retryTemplate;
@Autowired
private RetryTemplateService retryTemplateService;
@Test
void test1() throws IllegalAccessException {
retryTemplate.execute(new RetryCallback<Object, IllegalAccessException>() {
@Override
public Object doWithRetry(RetryContext context) throws IllegalAccessException {
retryTemplateService.service1();
return null;
}
});
}
@Test
void test2() throws IllegalAccessException {
retryTemplate.execute(new RetryCallback<Object, IllegalAccessException>() {
@Override
public Object doWithRetry(RetryContext context) throws IllegalAccessException {
retryTemplateService.service1();
return null;
}
}, new RecoveryCallback<Object>() {
@Override
public Object recover(RetryContext context) throws Exception {
log.info("RecoveryCallback....");
return null;
}
});
}
}
RetryOperations定义重试的API，RetryTemplate是API的模板模式实现，实现了重试和熔断。提供的API如下:
package org.springframework.retry;
import org.springframework.retry.support.DefaultRetryState;
public interface RetryOperations {
<T, E extends Throwable> T execute(RetryCallback<T, E> retryCallback) throws E;
<T, E extends Throwable> T execute(RetryCallback<T, E> retryCallback, RecoveryCallback<T> recoveryCallback)
throws E;
<T, E extends Throwable> T execute(RetryCallback<T, E> retryCallback, RetryState retryState)
throws E, ExhaustedRetryException;
<T, E extends Throwable> T execute(RetryCallback<T, E> retryCallback, RecoveryCallback<T> recoveryCallback,
RetryState retryState) throws E;
}下面主要介绍一下RetryTemplate配置的时候，需要设置的重试策略和退避策略
RetryPolicy是一个接口, 然后有很多具体的实现，我们先来看看它的接口中定义了什么方法
package org.springframework.retry;
import java.io.Serializable;
public interface RetryPolicy extends Serializable {
boolean canRetry(RetryContext context);
RetryContext open(RetryContext parent);
void close(RetryContext context);
void reGISterThrowable(RetryContext context, Throwable throwable);
}
我们来看看他有什么具体的实现类
看一下退避策略，退避是指怎么去做下一次的重试，在这里其实就是等待多长时间。
listener可以监听重试，并执行对应的回调方法
package org.springframework.retry;
public interface RetryListener {
<T, E extends Throwable> boolean open(RetryContext context, RetryCallback<T, E> callback);
<T, E extends Throwable> void close(RetryContext context, RetryCallback<T, E> callback, Throwable throwable);
<T, E extends Throwable> void onError(RetryContext context, RetryCallback<T, E> callback, Throwable throwable);
}
使用如下：
自定义一个Listener
package org.example;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.retry.RetryCallback;
import org.springframework.retry.RetryContext;
import org.springframework.retry.listener.RetryListenerSupport;
@Slf4j
public class DefaultListenerSupport extends RetryListenerSupport {
@Override
public <T, E extends Throwable> void close(RetryContext context,
RetryCallback<T, E> callback, Throwable throwable) {
log.info("onClose");
super.close(context, callback, throwable);
}
@Override
public <T, E extends Throwable> void onError(RetryContext context,
RetryCallback<T, E> callback, Throwable throwable) {
log.info("onError");
super.onError(context, callback, throwable);
}
@Override
public <T, E extends Throwable> boolean open(RetryContext context,
RetryCallback<T, E> callback) {
log.info("onOpen");
return super.open(context, callback);
}
}
把listener设置到retryTemplate中
package org.example;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.retry.backoff.FixedBackOffPolicy;
import org.springframework.retry.policy.SimpleRetryPolicy;
import org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate;
@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public RetryTemplate retryTemplate() {
RetryTemplate retryTemplate = new RetryTemplate();
SimpleRetryPolicy retryPolicy = new SimpleRetryPolicy(); //设置重试策略
retryPolicy.setMaxAttempts(2);
retryTemplate.setRetryPolicy(retryPolicy);
FixedBackOffPolicy fixedBackOffPolicy = new FixedBackOffPolicy(); //设置退避策略
fixedBackOffPolicy.setBackOffPeriod(2000L);
retryTemplate.setBackOffPolicy(fixedBackOffPolicy);
retryTemplate.registerListener(new DefaultListenerSupport()); //设置retryListener
return retryTemplate;
}
}
测试结果：
2021-01-08 10:48:05.663 INFO 20956 --- [ main] org.example.DefaultListenerSupport : onOpen
2021-01-08 10:48:05.663 INFO 20956 --- [ main] org.example.RetryTemplateService : do something...
2021-01-08 10:48:05.663 INFO 20956 --- [ main] org.example.DefaultListenerSupport : onError
2021-01-08 10:48:07.664 INFO 20956 --- [ main] org.example.RetryTemplateService : do something...
2021-01-08 10:48:07.664 INFO 20956 --- [ main] org.example.DefaultListenerSupport : onError
2021-01-08 10:48:07.664 INFO 20956 --- [ main] org.example.RetryTemplateTest : RecoveryCallback....
2021-01-08 10:48:07.664 INFO 20956 --- [ main] org.example.DefaultListenerSupport : onClose
spring retry
spring-projects/spring-retry
重试框架Spring retry实践
Spring 源码篇-Spring Retry
Guide to Spring Retry
Spring-Retry重试实现原理
retry：基于spring-retry实现
Spring-Retry重试实现原理
usage-of-exceptionexpression-in-spring-retry
spring-retry注解方式使用（断路器，重试）
到此这篇关于Spring Boot中使用Spring-Retry重试框架的实现的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Spring-Retry重试内容请搜索编程网以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持编程网！
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本文标题: SpringBoot中使用Spring-Retry重试框架的实现
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