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Spring框架+jdbcTemplate实现增删改查功能

2024-04-02 19:04:59 163人浏览独家记忆

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摘要

springMVC架构(Model(实体类),Service,Controller层) Controller(接收参数调用业务层)–>Service(调用持久层，处理业务逻辑)

springMVC架构(Model(实体类),Service,Controller层)

Controller(接收参数调用业务层)–>Service(调用持久层，处理业务逻辑)–>Dao(与数据库交互)

1. ioc（控制反转是一种设计思想而不是技术）

DI(依赖注入):是ioC思想的一种技术实现

IOC容器是spring提供的保存Bean对象的容器

Bean管理操作

1.Xml + 注解

2.javaConfig + 注解

通过xml配置Bean:TODO:

通过javaConfig 配置Bean:TODO:

通过注解配置Bean:TODO:

2. aop（面向切面）

面向切面的程序设计思想。横向的调用。

eg：一个日志的功能，很多的功能模块都需要去使用，可以写一个切面去做这个事情。

使用@Aspect来标记一个普通类为切面。

连接点：比如说日志需要作用的方法。

目标对象：日志需要使用的对象。

1. 添加依赖


<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.8</version>
</dependency>


<!-- Https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
    <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.7</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

2.demo练习

需求：SpringIOC + JDBCTemplate实现简单的数据库操作

1.新建Maven项目并引入Spring核心4依赖


<!--Spring的4个基础jar包（容器包）-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

jdbc依赖


<!--Spring整合jdbc-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>

junit5


<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

2. 创建SprinGConfig配置文件（通过JavaConfig方式注入bean）

创建SpringConfig类，添加@Configuration标记为配置类。

配置数据源和JDBCTemplate的Bean。



@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        MysqlDataSource dataSource = new MysqlDataSource();
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=ture&charactorEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC");
        dataSource.setUser("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");
        return dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }
}

3.创建mvc架构并创建与数据库字段对应的实体类对象

实体类：StudentPO


public class StudentPO {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private String age;

    public StudentPO() {
    }

    public StudentPO(String name, String age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public StudentPO(Long id, String name, String age) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "StudentPO{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

4. 编写Dao层

面向接口编程，首先定义Dao层的规范接口，定义了增删改查4种方法



public interface StudentDao {
    void addStudent(StudentPO student);

    void delStudentById(Long id);

    void updateStudent(StudentPO student);

    List<StudentPO> selectStudent();
}

接口的实现

@Repository注解将StudentDao注入IOC容器

@Autowired自动装配JdbcTemplate对象,JdbcTemplate对象已经在SpringConfig文件中实例化



@Repository
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {


    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    
    @Override
    public void addStudent(StudentPO student) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("insert into student (name,age) values (?,?)", student.getName(), student.getAge());
    }

    
    @Override
    public void delStudentById(Long id) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("delete from student where id=?", id);
    }

    
    @Override
    public void updateStudent(StudentPO student) {
        String sql = "UPDATE student SET name=?,age=? where id = ? ";
        Object[] args = {student.getName(), student.getAge(), student.getId()};
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args);
    }

    
    @Override
    public List<StudentPO> selectStudent() {
        String sql = "select id,name,age from student";
        return this.jdbcTemplate.query(sql, (rs, index) -> {
            StudentPO student = new StudentPO();
            student.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
            student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
            student.setAge(rs.getString("age"));
            return student;
        });
    }
}

5. Dao与数据库的增删改查已经实现，使用Service层去调用Dao层的方法。

首先定义Service层的接口



public interface StudentService {

    void addStudent(StudentPO student);

    void delStudentById(Long id);

    void updateStudent(StudentPO student);

    List<StudentPO> selectStudent();
}

接口实现

@Service将对象声明IOC容器中

@Autowired自动装配IOC容器中的StudentDao将StudentDao对象初始化



@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    @Autowired
    StudentDao studentDao;

    @Override
    public void addStudent(StudentPO student) {
        studentDao.addStudent(student);
    }

    @Override
    public void delStudentById(Long id) {
       studentDao.delStudentById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateStudent(StudentPO student) {
       studentDao.updateStudent(student);
    }

    @Override
    public List<StudentPO> selectStudent() {
        return studentDao.selectStudent();
    }
}

6. 使用Junit5单元测试测试

首先通过IOC容器拿到StudentService对象


private AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
    // 通过Spring的IOC容器
    private StudentService studentService = applicationContext.getBean(StudentService.class);

测试



class StudentServiceImplTest {

    private AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
    // 通过Spring的IOC容器
    private StudentService studentService = applicationContext.getBean(StudentService.class);
    @Test
    public void testAddStudent() {

        studentService.addStudent(new StudentPO("zahngsna", "999"));
        System.out.println("添加成功！");
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelStudent() {
        studentService.delStudentById(3L);
        System.out.println("删除成功！");
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateStudent() {
        //将id为3的Student的name修改为"wang",age修改为21
        studentService.updateStudent(new StudentPO(1L,"wang","28"));
        System.out.println("修改成功！");
    }

    @Test
    public void testSelectStudent() {
        studentService.selectStudent().forEach(System.out::println);
    }

}

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