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目录关于spring cloud Gateway版本信息经典配置中的核心概念启动Nacos-2.0.3源码下载《spring Cloud Gateway实战》系列的父工程创建名为co
1.jdk:1.8.0_291
2.idea:2021.1.3 (Ultimate Edition)
3.Maven:3.8.1
4.操作系统:win10 64位
5.SpringBoot:2.4.2
6.spring-cloud:2020.0.1
7.spring-cloud-alibaba:2021.1
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
# 核心概念1:路由,一个路由代表一个处理逻辑,
# 该逻辑里面包含三个元素:匹配条件(是否该此路由处理)、真实处理地址、过滤器
routes:
# id要确保唯一性
- id: add_request_header_route
# 真实处理地址,请求一旦确定是当前路由处理,就会转发到这个地址去
uri: https://example.org
# 核心概念2:谓语或者断言,作用是判断请求是否由当前路由处理
predicates:
# 这是断言的一种,检查请求的Cookie中mycookie的值是否等于mycookievalue
- Cookie=mycookie,mycookievalue
# 核心概念3:过滤器,请求前和请求后都可以有过滤器处理请求响应数据
filters:
# 这个过滤器的作用是在请求header中添加一个键值对,值等于"aaabbbccc"
- AddRequestHeader=X-Request-Red, aaabbbccc
startup.cmd -m standalone
如果您的电脑是Mac或者linux,请执行以下命令启动nacos:
sh startup.sh -m standalone
本篇实战中的完整源码可在gitHub下载到,地址和链接信息如下表所示(https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos):
名称 | 链接 | 备注 |
---|---|---|
项目主页 | https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos | 该项目在GitHub上的主页 |
git仓库地址(https) | https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos.git | 该项目源码的仓库地址,https协议 |
git仓库地址(ssh) | git@github.com:zq2599/blog_demos.git | 该项目源码的仓库地址,ssh协议 |
这个git项目中有多个文件夹,本篇的源码在spring-cloud-tutorials文件夹下,如下图红框所示:
新建名为spring-cloud-tutorials的maven工程,这就是《Spring Cloud Gateway实战》系列所有源码的父工程就,pom.xml内容如下,可见这里将springboot、spring-cloud、spring-cloud-alibaba库的版本号都已经确定,今后子工程就无需关注依赖库的版本号了:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<modules>
<module>hello-gateway</module>
<module>provider-hello</module>
<module>common</module>
</modules>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.2</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<groupId>com.bolinGCavalry</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-tutorials</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.1</spring-cloud.version>
<spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.1</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
</properties>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<description>Demo project for Spring Cloud </description>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
<artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
<version>3.14.9</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.1.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.16.16</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
package com.bolingcavalry.common;
public interface Constants {
String HELLO_PREFIX = "Hello World";
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-tutorials</artifactId>
<groupId>com.bolingcavalry</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>provider-hello</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.bolingcavalry</groupId>
<artifactId>common</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--nacos:用于服务注册与发现-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- 如果父工程不是springboot,就要用以下方式使用插件,才能生成正常的jar -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.bolingcavalry.provider.ProviderApplication</mainClass>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<Goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
工程的配置文件application.yml如下,web端口是8082,还有一处要注意的是nacos服务地址:
server:
#服务端口
port: 8082
spring:
application:
name: provider-hello
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
# nacos服务地址
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
package com.bolingcavalry.provider;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);
}
}
package com.bolingcavalry.provider.controller;
import com.bolingcavalry.common.Constants;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.text.SimpleDateFORMat;
import java.util.Date;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class Hello {
private String dateStr(){
return new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss").format(new Date());
}
@GetMapping("/str")
public String helloStr() {
return Constants.HELLO_PREFIX + ", " + dateStr();
}
}
新增测试类HelloTest.java,用于检查应用的服务是否正常:
package com.bolingcavalry.provider.controller;
import com.bolingcavalry.common.Constants;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockmvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsString;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@Slf4j
class HelloTest {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
@Test
void hello() throws Exception {
String responseString = mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello/str").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(content().string(containsString(Constants.HELLO_PREFIX)))
.andDo(print())
.andReturn()
.getResponse()
.getContentAsString();
log.info("response in junit test :\n" + responseString);
}
}
执行单元测试(此时nacos是否启动无所谓,只是不启动的话控制台会有一些错误信息,但是没有影响),如下,测试通过表示服务是正常的:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-tutorials</artifactId>
<groupId>com.bolingcavalry</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>hello-gateway</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.bolingcavalry</groupId>
<artifactId>common</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.projectreactor</groupId>
<artifactId>reactor-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
server:
#服务端口
port: 8081
spring:
application:
name: hello-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: path_route
# 匹配成功后,会被转发到8082端口,至于端口后面的path,会直接使用原始请求的
# 例如http://127.0.0.1:8081/hello/str,会被转发到http://127.0.0.1:8082/hello/str
uri: http://127.0.0.1:8082
predicates:
# 根据请求路径中带有"/hello/",就算匹配成功
- Path=/hello/**
如果要转发到其他域名下,需要创建配置类解决跨域问题:
package com.bolingcavalry.hellogateway.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.reactive.CorsWebFilter;
import org.springframework.web.cors.reactive.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;
import org.springframework.web.util.pattern.PathPatternParser;
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig {
@Bean
public CorsWebFilter corsFilter() {
CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration();
config.addAllowedMethod("*");
config.addAllowedOrigin("*");
config.addAllowedHeader("*");
UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource(new PathPatternParser());
source.reGISterCorsConfiguration("/**", config);
return new CorsWebFilter(source);
}
}
package com.bolingcavalry.hellogateway;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloGatewayApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(HelloGatewayApplication.class,args);
}
}
package com.bolingcavalry.hellogateway;
import com.bolingcavalry.common.Constants;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.reactive.AutoConfigureWebTestClient;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import org.springframework.test.web.reactive.server.WebTestClient;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
@SpringBootTest
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@AutoConfigureWebTestClient
public class HelloTest {
@Autowired
private WebTestClient webClient;
@Test
void testHelloPredicates() {
webClient.get()
.uri("/hello/str")
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_jsON)
.exchange()
// 验证状态
.expectStatus().isOk()
// 验证结果,注意结果是字符串格式
.expectBody(String.class).consumeWith(result -> assertTrue(result.getResponseBody().contains(Constants.HELLO_PREFIX)));
}
}
请确保provider-hello应用已经启动,再运行上面创建的HelloTest.java,得到结果如下,测试通过,证明hello-gateway的功能符合预期,成功的将请求转发到provider-hello应用,并且成功收到响应:
至此,《Spring Cloud Gateway实战》系列的准备工作已经完成,而且开发了一个简单的应用体验最基本的Spring Cloud Gateway功能,接下来的文章,咱们一起实战更多基本功能。
本篇文章就到这里了,希望能给你带来帮助,也希望您能够多多关注编程网的更多内容!
--结束END--
本文标题: 初探Spring Cloud Gateway实战
本文链接: https://lsjlt.com/news/132420.html(转载时请注明来源链接)
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