目录业务场景什么是分布式读写锁分布式读写锁的访问原则读锁写锁具体实现通过 gORM 连接 Mysql实现读锁模式实现写锁模式总结业务场景 因为项目刚上线,目前暂不打算引入其他中间件,
因为项目刚上线,目前暂不打算引入其他中间件,所以打算通过 mysql 来实现分布式读写锁;而该业务场景也满足分布式读写锁的场景,抽象后的业务场景是:特定资源 X,可以执行 2 种操作:读操作和写操作,2种操作需要满足下面条件:
既然需要如此实现,下面我们看下什么是分布式读写锁。
大家对于锁肯定不陌生,在 golang 中 sync.Mutex 锁是常见的,一般用在单节点多 goroutine 中对资源的并发访问;但是分布式场景下,单节点 sync.Mutex 加锁的方式就会失去作用,于是人们为了在分布式环境中实现对共享资源的互斥访问,实现了各种分布式锁。
而分布式读写锁是比分布式锁粒度更小的锁,对业务场景的加锁会更加灵活,其中分布式读写锁也遵循读写锁的原则:
分布式读写锁的访问原则与读写锁类似,下面我们具体看下。
以下列表为读写锁(也就是分布式读写锁)的读写访问原则
当前锁状态 | 读锁请求 | 写锁请求 |
---|---|---|
无锁状态 | 可以 | 可以 |
读锁状态 | 可以 | 不可以 |
写锁状态 | 不可以 | 不可以 |
如果本地没有 mysql 数据库,可以通过这篇文章快速搭建: 如何使用 Docker 搭建一个 mysql 服务
gorm 是一个 golang 的 orm 框架,可以使用它快速连接数据库,具体代码如下:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
"gorm.io/gorm"
"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
)
var (
db *gorm.DB
dbUsername = "kele"
dbPassWord = "baishi2020"
dbHost = "127.0.0.1:7306"
dbDatabase = "lingmo"
stateReadLock = "ReadLock"
stateWriteLock = "WriteLock"
stateUnlock = "Unlock"
)
type RWLock struct {
LockMark string `gorm:"default:'Unlock'"`
ReadLockCount uint32 `gorm:"default:0"`
LockReason string
}
type Stock struct {
gorm.Model
RWLock
Count int64
}
func (Stock) TableName() string {
return "stocks"
}
func init() {
dsn := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s@tcp(%s)/%s?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local", dbUsername, dbPassword, dbHost, dbDatabase)
mysqlConfig := mysql.Config{DSN: dsn}
gormConfig := &gorm.Config{Logger: logger.Default.LogMode(logger.Info)}
var err error
if db, err = gorm.Open(mysql.New(mysqlConfig), gormConfig); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
db.Set("db:table_options", "ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8")
// reGISter tables
if err = db.AutoMigrate(&Stock{}); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}
func main() {
if result := db.Model(&Stock{}).Save(&Stock{Model: gorm.Model{}, RWLock: RWLock{}, Count: 10}); result.Error != nil {
panic(result.Error)
}
}
首先我们定义了一个库存表 stocks,并且在其中添加三个和读写锁相关的字段,三个字段的含义如下:
其余则是一些 gorm 连接 mysql 逻辑,这里不再多赘述。
具体代码如下:
func (s Stock) RLock(db *gorm.DB, lockReason string) error {
condition := "(id = ?) AND (lock_mark != ?)"
fields := map[string]interface{}{
"lock_mark": stateReadLock,
"read_lock_count": gorm.Expr("read_lock_count + ?", 1),
"lock_reason": lockReason,
}
result := db.Model(&Stock{}).Where(condition, s.ID, stateWriteLock).Updates(fields)
if result.Error != nil {
return result.Error
}
if result.RowsAffected == 0 {
return errors.New("failed to rlock Stock, RowsAffected=0")
}
return nil
}
func (s Stock) RUnlock(db *gorm.DB, UnLockReason string) error {
sql := fmt.Sprintf(`UPDATE stocks SET read_lock_count=if(read_lock_count>0,read_lock_count-1,0), lock_mark=if(read_lock_count<1, 'Unlock', 'ReadLock'),lock_reason ='%s' where id= %d and lock_mark='%s'`, UnLockReason, s.ID, stateReadLock)
result := db.Exec(sql)
if result.Error != nil {
return result.Error
}
if result.RowsAffected == 0 {
return errors.New("failed to RUnlock Stock, RowsAffected=0")
}
return nil
}
func main() {
if result := db.Model(&Stock{}).Save(&Stock{Model: gorm.Model{}, RWLock: RWLock{}, Count: 10}); result.Error != nil {
panic(result.Error)
}
s := &Stock{Model: gorm.Model{ID: 1}}
if result := db.Model(s).First(s); result.Error != nil {
panic(result.Error)
}
if err := s.RLock(db, "readLock_reason_1"); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
if err := s.RLock(db, "readLock_reason_2"); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
if err := s.RUnlock(db, "readLock_unlock_1"); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
if err := s.RUnlock(db, "readLock_unlock_2"); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}
执行以上代码是可以正常运行的, 下面我们分析下:
UPDATE `stocks` SET `lock_mark` = 'ReadLock', `lock_reason` = 'readLock_reason_1', `read_lock_count` = read_lock_count + 1, `updated_at` = '2022-09-25 14:58:45.693' WHERE (( id = 1 )
AND ( lock_mark != 'WriteLock' ))
AND `stocks`.`deleted_at` IS NULL
UPDATE stocks
SET read_lock_count =
IF
( read_lock_count > 0, read_lock_count - 1, 0 ),
lock_mark =
IF
( read_lock_count < 1, 'Unlock', 'ReadLock' ),
lock_reason = 'readLock_unlock_1'
WHERE
id = 1
AND lock_mark = 'ReadLock'
具体代码如下:
func (s Stock) WLock(db *gorm.DB, lockReason string) error {
condition := "(id = ?) AND (lock_mark = ?)"
fields := map[string]interface{}{
"lock_mark": stateWriteLock,
"read_lock_count": 0,
"lock_reason": lockReason,
}
result := db.Model(&Stock{}).Where(condition, s.ID, stateUnlock).Updates(fields)
if result.Error != nil {
return result.Error
}
if result.RowsAffected == 0 {
return errors.New("failed to WLock Stock, RowsAffected=0")
}
return nil
}
func (s Stock) WUnlock(db *gorm.DB, UnLockReason string) error {
condition := "(id = ?) AND (lock_mark = ?)"
fields := map[string]interface{}{
"lock_mark": stateUnlock,
"read_lock_count": 0,
"lock_reason": UnLockReason,
}
result := db.Model(&Stock{}).Where(condition, s.ID, stateWriteLock).Updates(fields)
if result.Error != nil {
return result.Error
}
if result.RowsAffected == 0 {
return errors.New("failed to WUnlock Stock, RowsAffected=0")
}
return nil
}
func main() {
s := &Stock{Model: gorm.Model{ID: 1}}
if result := db.Model(s).First(s); result.Error != nil {
panic(result.Error)
}
if err := s.WLock(db, "writeLock_reason_1"); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
if err := s.WUnlock(db, "unWriteLock_reason_1"); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}
执行以上代码也是可以运行,下面是分析结果
UPDATE `stocks` SET `lock_mark` = 'WriteLock', `lock_reason` = 'writeLock_reason_1', `read_lock_count` = 0, `updated_at` = '2022-09-25 15:06:10.71' WHERE (( id = 1 )
AND ( lock_mark = 'Unlock' ))
AND `stocks`.`deleted_at` IS NULL
UPDATE `stocks` SET `lock_mark` = 'Unlock', `lock_reason` = 'unWriteLock_reason_1', `read_lock_count` = 0, `updated_at` = '2022-09-25 15:06:10.719' WHERE (( id = 1 )
AND ( lock_mark = 'WriteLock' ))
AND `stocks`.`deleted_at` IS NULL
分布式读写锁的实现有多种方式,也可以通过 etcd、Redisson 的方式进行实现,而本文着重说明可通过 mysql 来实现,这种方式的优势在于不必引入额外的组件且实现较为简单,因此也有一定的应用场景,
到此这篇关于golang 基于 mysql 简单实现分布式读写锁的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关golang 读写锁内容请搜索编程网以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持编程网!
--结束END--
本文标题: golang 基于 mysql 简单实现分布式读写锁
本文链接: https://lsjlt.com/news/121242.html(转载时请注明来源链接)
有问题或投稿请发送至: 邮箱/279061341@qq.com QQ/279061341
2024-10-23
2024-10-22
2024-10-22
2024-10-22
2024-10-22
2024-10-22
2024-10-22
2024-10-22
2024-10-22
2024-10-22
回答
回答
回答
回答
回答
回答
回答
回答
回答
回答
0